An earthquake-damaged road in north-east Christchurch. The manhole in the centre of the road has risen and a road cone has been placed in the centre to warn road users. Residents have piled liquefaction from their properties on the side of the road where it will be collection by road maintenance contractors.
Liquefaction piled on the sides of a road in north-east Christchurch. The liquefaction has been dug out of the properties and piled on the side of the road to be collected by road maintenance contractors.
A collapsed section of road in north-east Christchurch. In the background, residents have piled liquefaction from their properties on the side of the road where it will be collected by road maintenance contractors.
Residents working to clear liquefaction from their properties in north-east Christchurch. The liquefaction has been piled on the side of the road where it will be collected by road maintenance contractors.
A collapsed section of road in north-east Christchurch. In the background, residents have piled liquefaction from their properties on the side of the road where it will be collected by road maintenance contractors.
Mounds of liquefaction on the side of a residential road in eastern Christchurch. The liquefaction has been dug out of resident's gardens and placed on the road to be picked up by the City Council.
Residents enjoying a meal after working to clear liquefaction from a property in north-east Christchurch.
A resident resting on a digger after clearing liquefaction from his property in the north-east of Christchurch.
Residents using shovels to clear liquefaction from a property in north-east Christchurch.
A resident using a small digger to clear liquefaction from his property in north-east Christchurch. He is piling the liquefaction on the side of the road where it will be collected.
Workers using a shovel and a wheelbarrow to clear liquefaction from a property. The liquefaction is being piled out the front where it will be collected.
Piles of liquefaction on the side of the road in Avonside. The liquefaction has been dug out of people's properties and placed on the road to be picked up by the council. The power boxes and the power pole to the left are on a lean due to liquefaction.
A digger depositing liquefaction into a truck on Fleete Street in Dallington. When the truck is full, it will take the liquefaction to a dump at Bottle Lake.
Large cracks in a road in Avonside. Road cones have been placed near the cracks to warn road users. In the distance, piles of liquefaction are on the sides of the road. These have been dug out of residents' properties and placed there for there for the City Council to pick up.
A group of residents clearing liquefaction from a property in north-east Christchurch. They can be seen using shovels and wheelbarrows to shift the liquefaction.
A Christchurch resident loading shovels and a wheelbarrow into the boot of her car after using them to clear liquefaction.
A pile of bricks, insulation, and pieces of chimney flue awaiting collection beside Burwood Road in Burwood.
Workers using a digger and a front end loader to clear liquefaction from a road in Shirley. A deep puddle of water is visible at the bottom of the photograph.
Photograph captioned by BeckerFraserPhotos, "Temporary waste hoses in Kingsford Street, Horseshoe Lake".
A photograph captioned by Paul Corliss, "Water supply at reservoir, Mount Pleasant".
A photograph captioned by Paul Corliss, "Water supply at reservoir, Mount Pleasant".
A photograph captioned by Paul Corliss, "Water supply at reservoir, Mount Pleasant".
A photograph captioned by Paul Corliss, "Water supply at reservoir, Mount Pleasant".
A photograph of two water tanks on New Brighton Road. One is labelled, "waste", and the other, "fresh".
Photograph captioned by BeckerFraserPhotos, "A tank for collecting waste from chemical toilets in Alice Street, Horseshoe Lake".
A photograph of a panaroma of Christchurch with Spencer Park, Parklands Library, QEII Park, Bottle Lake Forest, Cowles Stadium, Animal Control, and the Waste Water Treatment Plant labelled. The panaroma is on the wall of the temporary Civil Defence headquarters set up at the Christchurch Art Gallery after the 4 September 2010 earthquake.
The greater Wellington region, New Zealand, is highly vulnerable to large earthquakes. While attention has been paid to the consequences of earthquake damage to road, electricity and water supply networks, the consequences of wastewater network damage for public health, environmental health and habitability of homes remain largely unknown for Wellington City. The Canterbury and Kaikōura earthquakes have highlighted the vulnerability of sewerage systems to disruption during a disaster. Management of human waste is one of the critical components of disaster planning to reduce faecal-oral transmission of disease and exposure to disease-bearing vectors. In Canterbury and Kaikōura, emergency sanitation involved a combination of Port-a-loos, chemical toilets and backyard long-drops. While many lessons may be learned from experiences in Canterbury earthquakes, it is important to note that isolation is likely to be a much greater factor for Wellington households, compared to Christchurch, due to the potential for widespread landslides in hill suburbs affecting road access. This in turn implies that human waste may have to be managed onsite, as options such as chemical toilets and Port-a-loos rely completely on road access for delivering chemicals and collecting waste. While some progress has been made on options such as emergency composting toilets, significant knowledge gaps remain on how to safely manage waste onsite. In order to bridge these gaps, laboratory tests will be conducted through the second half of 2019 to assess the pathogen die-off rates in the composting toilet system with variables being the type of carbon bulking material and the addition of a Bokashi composting activator.
A mural on the corner of Peterborough Street and Colombo Street reads "Isn't it wonderful that nobody need waste a single moment to improve the world".
A digital photograph in PDF format with caption. A Horseshoe Lake resident emptying chemical toilet into waste tank that sits on the side of the road (Kingsford St).
A photograph of a pile of rubble on the side of a residential road in Christchurch. The material has been removed from a property and placed on the road for the Christchurch City Council to collect.