Memorial design in the West has been explored in depth (Stevens and Franck, 2016; Williams, 2007), and for landscape architects it presents opportunities and challenges. However, there is little in the English language literature about memorial design in China. How have Chinese designers responded to the commemorative settings of war and disaster? This study will adopt the method of case study to analyse two of the most representative memorials in China: Nanjing Massacre Memorial Hall (war) and Tangshan Earthquake Memorial Hall (disaster). Both landscapes have undergone three or four renovations and extensions in the last four decades, demonstrating the practical effects of the Chinese landscape theory. These examples of responses to trauma through memorial landscape interventions are testimonies to the witnesses, victims, abusers, ordinary people, youth and the place where the tragedy took place. This study will explore the reconstruction and expansion of the two memorials under the background of China's policies on memorial landscapes in different periods, as well as their functions of each stage. The research will examine how existing Chinese memorial theories exhibit unique responses at different times in response to the sadness and needs experienced by different users.
Key Words：memorial landscape; memorial language; victims; descriptive; architecture; experence; disaster; memorial hall; landscape development; Chinese memorial; war.
A document describing the confined spaces "dummy run".
A copy of the award application for the Canterbury Heritage Awards 2016.
A web story about the return of the stone lions to the Memorial Arch.
A document describing Downer's approach to containing bentonite when drilling micro piles for the new Arch foundations.
A web story about the model design work by Christ's College pupils.
A poster which was prepared to go with the award application for the Canterbury Heritage Awards 2016.
A document describing the use of 3D modelling for construction methodology.
A web story about a site visit to the Bridge and Arch by local school pupils.
A document describing Downer's use of column seismic clamps to prevent additional damage to the Arch columns.
A document which describes the process that SCIRT took to restore the Bridge of Remembrance and Memorial Arch.
A document describing the early warning system to alert team members of ground and structural movement at the Arch.
A document describing the use of a remotely operated hydraulic jaw crusher to avoid the need to make confined space entries.
A document describing Downer's planned approach for neutralising the high pH of any potential bentonite or grout discharge into the Avon river.
A paper presented at the New Zealand Concrete Industry Conference 2015 about the design and construction challenges faced when strengthening the Memorial Arch.
A presentation prepared by one of the site engineers restoring the Memorial Arch and Bridge of Remembrance, outlining the damage to the structures, the repair designs and the construction methodologies.
A presentation prepared by SCIRT's Downer Communciation Lead, providing an overview of the community engagement carried out by the Downer Team during the restoration of the Bridge and Arch.
Posters which describe the earthquake damage, planned restoration methods and historic information about the Bridge of Remembrance and Memorial Arch. These posters were hung on the fencing around the Bridge and Arch to inform the public about the work taking place.
A series of communication updates provided by SCIRT's Downer Delivery Team to the Christchurch City Council. These updates detailed the progress of the Arch and Bridge restoration. The updates were produced between 28 June 2013 and 8 September 2015.
