
shovelled out of peoples properties.
Piles waiting to be cemented in place.
Piles of liquefaction in a park in Avonside.
Large piles of liquefaction silt at a dump on Breezes Road. One of the piles is covered with black plastic and weighted down with tyres. Trucks and diggers are adding more silt to the piles. The photographer comments, "Breezes Road and Anzac Drive have recently opened but are now home to a brand new range of hills thanks to mountains of silt that have been collected by the hard working construction guys that have done a sterling job on the road there".
Large piles of liquefaction silt at a dump on Breezes Road. One of the piles is covered with black plastic and weighted down with tyres. Trucks and diggers are adding more silt to the piles. The photographer comments, "Breezes Road and Anzac Drive have recently opened but are now home to a brand new range of hills thanks to mountains of silt that have been collected by the hard working construction guys that have done a sterling job on the road there".
Piles of rubble along Kilmore Street. A digger can be seen in the background as well as a construction worker in a hard hat and high-visibility vest. The rubble has been separated into different piles.
Piles of liquefaction silt on St Johns Street in Woolston.
Large piles of liquefaction silt at a dump on Breezes Road.
A photograph of piles of shovelled liquefaction on Harris Crescent in Papanui.
Piles propped up while the cement dries at the College of Education.
A photograph of piles of shovelled liquefaction on Harris Crescent in Papanui.
A photograph showing large piles of bricks from collapsed and demolished buildings.
A photograph of piles of dirt and gravel outside the ASB Stadium in Wigram.
Look through the cordon fence, piles of building rubble, rubbish skips and shipping containers.
Workers stabilising piles, ready for conrete to be poured in, at the College of Education.
Workers stabilising piles, ready for conrete to be poured in, at the College of Education.
A photograph of piles of liquefaction on the side of a residential street in Christchurch.
Workers stabilising piles, ready for conrete to be poured in, at the College of Education.
Workers stabilising piles, ready for conrete to be poured in, at the College of Education.
A photograph of piles of gravel and building rubble behind a cleared site on Barbadoes Street.
Photograph captioned by BeckerFraserPhotos, "Piles of silt between the Town Hall and the Crowne Plaza".
A document describing Downer's approach to containing bentonite when drilling micro piles for the new Arch foundations.
A view down Gloucester Street, near Woodham Road. Piles of liquefaction silt and road cones line the road.
A photograph of piles of bricks from earthquake-damaged buildings along the side of a road in Christchurch.
A photograph of badly-damaged buildings on High Street. There are piles of building rubble behind the fence.
A rubbish skip in an alleyway is full of building rubble, with piles of bricks scattered around it.
The Mw 6.2 February 22nd 2011 Christchurch earthquake (and others in the 2010-2011 Canterbury sequence) provided a unique opportunity to study the devastating effects of earthquakes first-hand and learn from them for future engineering applications. All major events in the Canterbury earthquake sequence caused widespread liquefaction throughout Christchurch’s eastern suburbs, particularly extensive and severe during the February 22nd event. Along large stretches of the Avon River banks (and to a lesser extent along the Heathcote) significant lateral spreading occurred, affecting bridges and the infrastructure they support. The first stage of this research involved conducting detailed field reconnaissance to document liquefaction and lateral spreading-induced damage to several case study bridges along the Avon River. The case study bridges cover a range of ages and construction types but all are reinforced concrete structures which have relatively short, stiff decks. These factors combined led to a characteristic deformation mechanism involving deck-pinning and abutment back-rotation with consequent damage to the abutment piles and slumping of the approaches. The second stage of the research involved using pseudo-static analysis, a simplified seismic modelling tool, to analyse two of the bridges. An advantage of pseudo-static analysis over more complicated modelling methods is that it uses conventional geotechnical data in its inputs, such as SPT blowcount and CPT cone resistance and local friction. Pseudo-static analysis can also be applied without excessive computational power or specialised knowledge, yet it has been shown to capture the basic mechanisms of pile behaviour. Single pile and whole bridge models were constructed for each bridge, and both cyclic and lateral spreading phases of loading were investigated. Parametric studies were carried out which varied the values of key parameters to identify their influence on pile response, and computed displacements and damages were compared with observations made in the field. It was shown that pseudo-static analysis was able to capture the characteristic damage mechanisms observed in the field, however the treatment of key parameters affecting pile response is of primary importance. Recommendations were made concerning the treatment of these governing parameters controlling pile response. In this way the future application of pseudo-static analysis as a tool for analysing and designing bridge pile foundations in liquefying and laterally spreading soils is enhanced.
Piles of rubble on the site of the CTV Building. In the background, the elevator shaft can be seen.
Deconstruction of office buildings next to the COCA gallery. In front of the buildings are piles of demolition rubble.
A view across the Kaiapoi River to cranes driving piles for the foundations of the new Kaiapoi New World.