Bright and light

Images, eqnz.chch.2010

Photos taken in New Brighton on March 31 following the February 22 earthquake. File reference: CCL-2011-03-25-New Brighton-After-The-Earthquake-NB Parkland 001 From the collection of Christchurch City Libraries

Umut Akguzel Photograph 411

Images, UC QuakeStudies

A photograph of broken traffic light in front of a badly-damaged building on the corner of Colombo Street and Tuam Street.

BeckerFraserPhotos July 2011 photograph 1369

Images, UC QuakeStudies

A photograph of a damaged traffic light on Manchester Street.

Bettina Evans's photograph 71

Images, UC QuakeStudies

Trent Hiles's artwork in the demolished site of the Harbour Light Theatre.

Upon the Upland Road Photograph 1

Images, UC QuakeStudies

A photograph of the installation 'Upon the Upland Road' on the former site of the Harbour Light in Lyttelton. The installation shows the last three lines of James K Baxter's poem, 'High Country Weather', written in the nautical flag alphabet.

BeckerFraserPhotos September 2011 photograph 307

Images, UC QuakeStudies

Photograph captioned by BeckerFraserPhotos, "Another old sign comes to light. Cashel Mall".

BeckerFraserPhotos December 2011 photograph 2360

Images, UC QuakeStudies

A photograph captioned by BeckerFraserPhotos, "The site of the Harbour Light Theatre on London Street in Lyttelton".

BeckerFraserPhotos December 2011 photograph 2361

Images, UC QuakeStudies

A photograph captioned by BeckerFraserPhotos, "The site of the Harbour Light Theatre on London Street in Lyttelton".

Bettina Evans's photograph 19

Images, UC QuakeStudies

Bunting on wire fencing at the end of London Street. In the distance, the Harbour Light Theatre can be seen with steel bracing holding the building together and limiting damage from further aftershocks.

BeckerFraserPhotos December 2011 photograph 2274

Images, UC QuakeStudies

A photograph captioned by BeckerFraserPhotos, "A mound of liquefaction next to an angled street light on Liggins Street in the Horseshoe Lake area".

BeckerFraserPhotos April 2011 photograph 770

Images, UC QuakeStudies

The north-west corner of the Cranmer Courts on Montreal Street. Wooden bracing has been placed against the brickwork near the window to hold it together. In front, a street light has been knocked on a lean by the earthquake.

BeckerFraserPhotos May 2011 photograph 0261

Images, UC QuakeStudies

Photograph captioned by BeckerFraserPhotos, "Manikin against sculpture in Cathedral Square. This began as light relief for the crews working within the cordon in the weeks after the February earthquake where the manikins were strategically positioned around the red zone at night".

Size-specific tree mortality varies with neighbourhood crowding and distur…

Research papers, Lincoln University

Tree mortality is a fundamental process governing forest dynamics, but understanding tree mortality patterns is challenging because large, long-term datasets are required. Describing size-specific mortality patterns can be especially difficult, due to few trees in larger size classes. We used permanent plot data from Nothofagus solandri var. cliffortioides (mountain beech) forest on the eastern slopes of the Southern Alps, New Zealand, where the fates of trees on 250 plots of 0.04 ha were followed, to examine: (1) patterns of size-specific mortality over three consecutive periods spanning 30 years, each characterised by different disturbance, and (2) the strength and direction of neighbourhood crowding effects on sizespecific mortality rates. We found that the size-specific mortality function was U-shaped over the 30-year period as well as within two shorter periods characterised by small-scale pinhole beetle and windthrow disturbance. During a third period, characterised by earthquake disturbance, tree mortality was less size dependent. Small trees (,20 cm in diameter) were more likely to die, in all three periods, if surrounded by a high basal area of larger neighbours, suggesting that sizeasymmetric competition for light was a major cause of mortality. In contrast, large trees ($20 cm in diameter) were more likely to die in the first period if they had few neighbours, indicating that positive crowding effects were sometimes important for survival of large trees. Overall our results suggest that temporal variability in size-specific mortality patterns, and positive interactions between large trees, may sometimes need to be incorporated into models of forest dynamics.