Search

found 2772 results

Images for Post; more images...

Research papers, University of Canterbury Library

The recent Canterbury earthquake sequence in 2010-2011 highlighted a uniquely severe level of structural damage to modern buildings, while confirming the high vulnerability and life threatening of unreinforced masonry and inadequately detailed reinforced concrete buildings. Although the level of damage of most buildings met the expected life-safety and collapse prevention criteria, the structural damage to those building was beyond economic repair. The difficulty in the post-event assessment of a concrete or steel structure and the uneconomical repairing costs are the big drivers of the adoption of low damage design. Among several low-damage technologies, post-tensioned rocking systems were developed in the 1990s with applications to precast concrete members and later extended to structural steel members. More recently the technology was extended to timber buildings (Pres-Lam system). This doctoral dissertation focuses on the experimental investigation and analytical and numerical prediction of the lateral load response of dissipative post-tensioned rocking timber wall systems. The first experimental stages of this research consisted of component testing on both external replaceable devices and internal bars. The component testing was aimed to further investigate the response of these devices and to provide significant design parameters. Post-tensioned wall subassembly testing was then carried out. Firstly, quasi-static cyclic testing of two-thirds scale post-tensioned single wall specimens with several reinforcement layouts was carried out. Then, an alternative wall configuration to limit displacement incompatibilities in the diaphragm was developed and tested. The system consisted of a Column-Wall-Column configuration, where the boundary columns can provide the support to the diaphragm with minimal uplifting and also provide dissipation through the coupling to the post-tensioned wall panel with dissipation devices. Both single wall and column-wall-column specimens were subjected to drifts up to 2% showing excellent performance, limiting the damage to the dissipating devices. One of the objectives of the experimental program was to assess the influence of construction detailing, and the dissipater connection in particular proved to have a significant influence on the wall’s response. The experimental programs on dissipaters and wall subassemblies provided exhaustive data for the validation and refinement of current analytical and numerical models. The current moment-rotation iterative procedure was refined accounting for detailed response parameters identified in the initial experimental stage. The refined analytical model proved capable of fitting the experimental result with good accuracy. A further stage in this research was the validation and refinement of numerical modelling approaches, which consisted in rotational spring and multi-spring models. Both the modelling approaches were calibrated versus the experimental results on post-tensioned walls subassemblies. In particular, the multi-spring model was further refined and implemented in OpenSEES to account for the full range of behavioural aspects of the systems. The multi-spring model was used in the final part of the dissertation to validate and refine current lateral force design procedures. Firstly, seismic performance factors in accordance to a Force-Based Design procedure were developed in accordance to the FEMA P-695 procedure through extensive numerical analyses. This procedure aims to determine the seismic reduction factor and over-strength factor accounting for the collapse probability of the building. The outcomes of this numerical analysis were also extended to other significant design codes. Alternatively, Displacement-Based Design can be used for the determination of the lateral load demand on a post-tensioned multi-storey timber building. The current DBD procedure was used for the development of a further numerical analysis which aimed to validate the procedure and identify the necessary refinements. It was concluded that the analytical and numerical models developed throughout this dissertation provided comprehensive and accurate tools for the determination of the lateral load response of post-tensioned wall systems, also allowing the provision of design parameters in accordance to the current standards and lateral force design procedures.

Images, UC QuakeStudies

A photograph of Olivia standing next to a Adshel bus stop poster. The poster has an All Right? poster with her quote on it, in answer to the question, "What makes us feel all right?" "Keeping active and busy by walking around the park every day. Olivia, Belfast." All Right? posted the photograph on their Facebook page.

Images, UC QuakeStudies

A photograph of Waimarie Rawson-Griffiths (left) and Karuna Thurlow (right) next to a billboard with Thurlow's portrait on it. The billboard is in Hagley Park for the 2015 Te Matatini National Kapa Haka festival, and is part of All Right?'s Te Waioratanga project. All Right? posted the photograph on their Facebook page on 10 March 2015.

Images, UC QuakeStudies

A photograph of Chisnallwood Intermediate pupils on the inaugural walk for the Chisnallwood Trail. The 'All Righties' are walking with the school pupils along a neighbourhood street. The photograph was taken at the launch of the Chisnallwood AWA trail at Chisnallwood Intermediate. All Right? posted the photograph on their Facebook page on 2 September 2015 at 3:55pm.

Images, UC QuakeStudies

A photograph of people walking the Chisnallwood walking trail, including Chisnallwood Intermediate pupils, Burwood-Pegasus Community Board Members Tim Baker (left) and Cr Glenn Livingstone (front right). The photograph was taken at the launch of the Chisnallwood AWA trail at Chisnallwood Intermediate. All Right? posted the photograph on their Facebook page on 2 September 2015 at 3:55pm.

Images, UC QuakeStudies

An image advertising a free writing workshop for children aged between 10 and 15. The writing workshop was part of the WORD Christchurch writers festival. The image was used as a profile picture on the All Right? Facebook page. The image was also posted to Facebook by All Right? on 15 July 2014 at 5:31pm.

Images, UC QuakeStudies

A photograph of Jack standing next to a Adshel bus stop poster. The poster has an All Right? poster with his quote on it, in answer to the question, "What makes us feel all right?" "Playing my guitar. Jack (11), Woolston." All Right? posted the photograph on their Facebook page on 13 May 2013 at 4:03pm.

Images, UC QuakeStudies

An image used as a cover photo on the All Right? Facebook page. The image reads, "What good things are you growing? Wonderful things happen when we put in a little bit of time," and was captioned with a gardening tip. The image was also posted by All Right? to their Facebook page on 11 September 2013.

Images, UC QuakeStudies

A photograph of an All Right? advertisement in The Press newspaper. The advertisement depicts two 'All Righties' carrying a couch together, and reads, "Shown a mate you care lately? Often the little things mean the most to our family and friends." All Right? posted the photograph on their Facebook page on 2 September 2013 at 5:23pm.

Images, UC QuakeStudies

A photograph of Wainoni School pupils presenting the AWA Trails at a school assembly. The pupils are holding 'Five Ways to Wellbeing posters and AWA Trails material. The photograph was taken at the launch of the Wainoni AWA trail at Wainoni School. All Right? posted the photograph on their Facebook page on 2 September 2015 at 3:56pm.

Images, UC QuakeStudies

A photograph of a map of Christchurch in a temporary Civil Defence headquarters set up at the Mainland Foundation Ballpark after the 4 September 2010 earthquake. Red, green and blue markings on the map indicate where flooding, sand and closures are located. Post-it notes and a key with a tag reading, "Manchester" are attached to the map.

Images, UC QuakeStudies

A photograph of an unfolded AWA Trails map, showing the different trails. The photograph was taken at the launch of the AWA Trails. All Right? posted the photograph on their Facebook page on 23 September 2015 at 9:09am. The Facebook image is captioned, "To download a free map visit www.AllRight.org.nz/AWA today!".

Videos, UC QuakeStudies

A video of a presentation by Professor Chris Kissling, Fellow of the Chartered Institute of Logistics and Transport, at the 2016 Seismics in the City Conference. The presentation is titled, "Transport Roles in Helping Shape Canterbury's Post-earthquakes Future".The abstract for the presentation reads, "The necessity for embracing integrated transportation solutions to meet emerging societal needs."

Images, UC QuakeStudies

A photograph of Henrietta Hall standing next to an All Right? advertisement in a Adshel bus stop with her quote on it. The poster reads "What makes us feel all right? Gazing at the bright autumn leaves against the deep blue sky". All Right? posted the photograph on their Facebook page on 4 June 2013 at 5:08pm.

Articles, UC QuakeStudies

A post on the NZ Raw blog written by Mark Lincoln on 3 March 2011. Mark says, "Sydenham Church - this is the one that was demolished and then suddenly everyone started asking why it was demolished - somewhere along the line there was a communication error and a demolition company knocked down the church without speaking to the Heritage Trust".

Research papers, University of Canterbury Library

This article reports on research conducted in Christchurch, New Zealand, after the 22 February 2011 earthquake. This quake and thousands of subsequent aftershocks have left the city of Christchurch with serious infrastructure damage to roads, sewage supply, housing and commercial buildings. The emergence of a vibrant art and craft movement in the Christchurch region post earthquake has been an unexpected aspect of the recovery process. The article begins with a review of the literature on traditional responses to disaster recovery illustrating how more contemporary approaches are community-focused. We review the links between crafting and well-being, and report on qualitative research conducted with five focus groups and nine individuals who have contributed to this movement in Christchurch. The findings illustrate the role crafting has played post earthquake, in terms of processing key elements of the disaster for healing and recovery, creating opportunities for social support; giving to others; generating learning and meaning making and developing a vision for the future. The data analysis is underpinned by theory related to post-traumatic growth and ecological concerns. The role of social work in promoting low-cost initiatives such as craft groups to foster social resilience and aid in the recovery from disaster trauma is explored. This discussion considers why such approaches are rare in social work.

Research papers, University of Canterbury Library

In this thesis, focus is given to develop methodologies for rapidly estimating specific components of loss and downtime functions. The thesis proposes methodologies for deriving loss functions by (i) considering individual component performance; (ii) grouping them as per their performance characteristics; and (iii) applying them to similar building usage categories. The degree of variation in building stock and understanding their characteristics are important factors to be considered in the loss estimation methodology and the field surveys carried out to collect data add value to the study. To facilitate developing ‘downtime’ functions, this study investigates two key components of downtime: (i) time delay from post-event damage assessment of properties; and (ii) time delay in settling the insurance claims lodged. In these two areas, this research enables understanding of critical factors that influence certain aspects of downtime and suggests approaches to quantify those factors. By scrutinising the residential damage insurance claims data provided by the Earthquake Commission (EQC) for the 2010- 2011 Canterbury Earthquake Sequence (CES), this work provides insights into various processes of claims settlement, the time taken to complete them and the EQC loss contributions to building stock in Christchurch city and Canterbury region. The study has shown diligence in investigating the EQC insurance claim data obtained from the CES to get new insights and build confidence in the models developed and the results generated. The first stage of this research develops contribution functions (probabilistic relationships between the expected losses for a wide range of building components and the building’s maximum response) for common types of claddings used in New Zealand buildings combining the probabilistic density functions (developed using the quantity of claddings measured from Christchurch buildings), fragility functions (obtained from the published literature) and cost functions (developed based on inputs from builders) through Monte Carlo simulations. From the developed contribution functions, glazing, masonry veneer, monolithic and precast concrete cladding systems are found to incur 50% loss at inter-storey drift levels equal to 0.027, 0.003, 0.005 and 0.011, respectively. Further, the maximum expected cladding loss for glazing, masonry veneer, monolithic, precast concrete cladding systems are found to be 368.2, 331.9, 365.0, and 136.2 NZD per square meter of floor area, respectively. In the second stage of this research, a detailed cost breakdown of typical buildings designed and built for different purposes is conducted. The contributions of structural and non- structural components to the total building cost are compared for buildings of different usages, and based on the similar ratios of non-structural performance group costs to the structural performance group cost, four-building groups are identified; (i) Structural components dominant group: outdoor sports, stadiums, parkings and long-span warehouses, (ii) non- structural drift-sensitive components dominant group: houses, single-storey suburban buildings (all usages), theatres/halls, workshops and clubhouses, (iii) non-structural acceleration- sensitive components dominant group: hospitals, research labs, museums and retail/cold stores, and (iv) apartments, hotels, offices, industrials, indoor sports, classrooms, devotionals and aquariums. By statistically analysing the cost breakdowns, performance group weighting factors are proposed for structural, and acceleration-sensitive and drift-sensitive non-structural components for all four building groups. Thus proposed building usage groupings and corresponding weighting factors facilitate rapid seismic loss estimation of any type of building given the EDPs at storey levels are known. A model for the quantification of post-earthquake inspection duration is developed in the third stage of this research. Herein, phase durations for the three assessment phases (one rapid impact and two rapid building) are computed using the number of buildings needing inspections, the number of engineers involved in inspections and a phase duration coefficient (which considers the median building inspection time, efficiency of engineer and the number of engineers involved in each assessment teams). The proposed model can be used: (i) by national/regional authorities to decide the length of the emergency period following a major earthquake, and estimate the number of engineers required to conduct a post-earthquake inspection within the desired emergency period, and (ii) to quantify the delay due to inspection for the downtime modelling framework. The final stage of this research investigates the repair costs and insurance claim settlement time for damaged residential buildings in the 2010-2011 Canterbury earthquake sequence. Based on the EQC claim settlement process, claims are categorized into three groups; (i) Small Claims: claims less than NZD15,000 which were settled through cash payment, (ii) Medium Claims: claims less than NZD100,000 which were managed through Canterbury Home Repair Programme (CHRP), and (iii) Large Claims: claims above NZD100,000 which were managed by an insurance provider. The regional loss ratio (RLR) for greater Christchurch for three events inducing shakings of approximate seismic intensities 6, 7, and 8 are found to be 0.013, 0.066, and 0.171, respectively. Furthermore, the claim duration (time between an event and the claim lodgement date), assessment duration (time between the claim lodgement day and the most recent assessment day), and repair duration (time between the most recent assessment day and the repair completion day) for the insured residential buildings in the region affected by the Canterbury earthquake sequence is found to be in the range of 0.5-4 weeks, 1.5- 5 months, and 1-3 years, respectively. The results of this phase will provide useful information to earthquake engineering researchers working on seismic risk/loss and insurance modelling.