On the 22nd of February, 2011 the city of Christchurch, New Zealand was crippled by a colossal earthquake. 185 people were killed, thousands injured and what remained was a city left in destruction and ruin. Thousands of Christchurch properties and buildings were left damaged beyond repair and the rich historical architecture of the Canterbury region had suffered irreparably. This research will conduct an investigation into whether the use of mixed reality can aid in liberating Christchurch’s rich architectural heritage when applied to the context of destructed buildings within Christchurch. The aim of this thesis is to formulate a narrative around the embodiment of mixed reality when subjected to the fragmentary historical architecture of Christchurch. Mixed reality will aspire to act as the defining ligature that holds the past, present and future of Christchurch’s architectural heritage intact as if it is all part of the same continuum. This thesis will focus on the design of a memorial museum within a heavily damaged historical trust registered building due to the Christchurch earthquake. It is important and relevant to conceive the idea of such a design as history is what makes everything we know. The memories of the past, the being of the now and the projection of the future is the basis and fundamental imperative in honouring the city and people of Christchurch. Using the technologies of Mixed Reality and the realm of its counter parts the memorial museum will be a definitive proposition of desire in providing a psychological and physical understanding towards a better Christchurch, for the people of Christchurch. This thesis serves to explore the renovation possibilities of the Canterbury provincial council building in its destructed state to produce a memorial museum for the Christchurch earthquake. The design seeks to mummify the building in its raw state that sets and develops the narrative through the spaces. The design intervention is kept at a required minimum and in doing so manifests a concentrated eloquence to the derelict space. The interior architecture unlocks the expression of history and time encompassed within a destructive and industrialised architectural dialogue. History is the inhabitant of the building, and using the physical and virtual worlds it can be set free. This thesis informs a design for a museum in central Christchurch that celebrates and informs the public on past, present and future heritage aspects of Christchurch city. Using mixed reality technologies the spatial layout inside will be a direct effect of the mixed reality used and the exploration of the physical and digital heritage aspects of Christchurch. The use of technology in today’s world is so prevalent that incorporating it into a memorial museum for Christchurch would not only be interesting and exploratory but also offer a sense of pushing forward and striving beyond for a newer, fresher Christchurch. The memorial museum will showcase a range of different exhibitions that formulate around the devastating Christchurch earthquake. Using mixed reality technologies these exhibitions will dictate the spaces inside dependant on their various applications of mixed reality as a technology for architecture. Research will include; what the people of Canterbury are most dear to in regards to Christchurch’s historical environment; the use of mixed reality to visualise digital heritage, and the combination of the physical and digital to serve as an architectural mediation between what was, what is and what there could be.
The suburb of New Brighton in Christchurch Aotearoa was once a booming retail sector until the end of its exclusivity to Saturday shopping in 1980 and the aftermath of the devastating 2011 Christchurch earthquake. The suburb of New Brighton was hit particularly hard and fell into economic collapse, partly brought on by the nature of its economic structure. This implosion created an urban crisis where people and businesses abandoned the suburb and its once-booming commercial economy. As a result, New Brighton has been left with the residue of abandoned infrastructure and commercial propaganda such as billboards, ATM machines, commercial facades, and shopping trolleys that as abandoned fragments, no longer contribute to culture, society and the economy. This design-led research investigation proposes to repurpose the broken objects that were left behind. By strategically selecting objects that are symbols of the root cause of the economic devastation, the repurposed and re-contextualised fragments will seek to allegorically expose the city’s destructive economic narrative, while providing a renewed sense of place identity for the people. This design-led thesis investigation argues that the seemingly innocuous icons of commercial industry, such as billboards, ATM machines, commercial facades, and shopping trolleys, are intended to act as lures to encourage people to spend money; ultimately, these urban and architectural lures can contribute to economic devastation. The aim of this investigation is to repurpose abandoned fragments of capitalist infrastructure in ways that can help to unveil new possibilities for a disrupted community and enhance their awareness of what led to the urban disruption. The thesis proposes to achieve this research aim by exploring three principal research objectives: 1) to assimilate and re-contextualise disconnected urban fragments into new architectural interventions; 2) to anthropomorphise these new interventions so that they are recognisable as architectural ‘inhabitants’, the storytellers of the urban context; and 3) to curate these new architectural interventions in ways that enable a community-scale allegorical and didactic experience to be recognised.
A natural disaster will inevitably strike New Zealand in the coming years, damaging educational facilities. Delays in building quality replacement facilities will lead to short-term disruption of education, risking long-term inequalities for the affected students. The Christchurch earthquake demonstrated the issues arising from a lack of school planning and support. This research proposes a system that can effectively provide rapid, prefabricated, primary schools in post-disaster environments. The aim is to continue education for children in the short term, while using construction that is suitable until the total replacement of the given school is completed. The expandable prefabricated architecture meets the strength, time, and transport requirements to deliver a robust, rapid relief temporary construction. It is also adaptable to any area within New Zealand. This design solution supports personal well-being and mitigates the risk of educational gaps, PTSD linked with anxiety and depression, and many other mental health disorders that can impact students and teachers after a natural disaster.
Damaged pavement on the Williams Street bridge in Kaiapoi. The concrete abutment has risen during the earthquake, forcing its way through the pavement of the footpath into the open.
Damaged pavement on the Williams Street bridge in Kaiapoi. The concrete abutment has risen during the earthquake, forcing its way through the pavement of the footpath into the open.
A photograph submitted by Sam Langley to the QuakeStories website. The description reads, "Cracks on the floor of my local supermarket. Amazingly they were open within 36 hours of both big quakes.".
Damage to the front of the Cathedral. A walkway from Gloucester Street to the Square was opened up for a few days to allow the public a closer look at the Cathedral.
A photograph of a shop window with large letters stating, "Yes we are open". The window also bears a red sticker and spray painted notes from 26 February 2011 stating "Rear collapsed".
The cordon checkpoint at the intersection of Colombo and Gloucester Streets. In the background, people stand in a section of walkway opened up to allow the public a view of Cathedral Square.
An aerial photograph captioned by BeckerFraserPhotos, "The RSA (red roof and three skylights) and electrical substation (red front with the door open) very badly damaged by the rock falls".
Photograph captioned by BeckerFraserPhotos, "The first business to finish their remediation work and re-open for business within the central city. Languages International in Worcester Street".
Photograph captioned by BeckerFraserPhotos, "The Lyttelton Sea Foods shop has re-opened in a portacom on the cleared site in Norwich Quay, Lyttelton after their shop was demolished".
The MedLab building on Kilmore Street. Many of the windows are open or have been broken. Inside, ceiling tiles are missing and swaths of fabric hang from concrete beams.
A photograph submitted by Tim Kerr to the QuakeStories website. The description reads, "Mannequins suspended in an open frontage gently twisting in the breeze – unmolested for weeks. Bottom of High St and Manchester St".
A photograph of a sign on a shop window reading, "We're open! Spruce up underway, not quake related! Exciting new paint job coming soon!". The photograph is captioned by BeckerFraserPhotos, "New Regent Street".
Christmas decorations hanging on the cordon fence on Colombo Street. A walkway from Gloucester Street to the Square was opened up for a few days to allow the public a closer look at the Cathedral.
A photograph of an open sign for CIRA Coffee & Wares on a residential street in the Christchurch central city. The café was set up in a house after the 22 February 2011 earthquake.
A sign on a shop window in the CBD reads, "Due to unforseen circumstances we are closed. We will endeavour to open ASAP. Be safe!". Collapsed buildings can be seen reflected in the window glass.
Damage to the Cathedral. A public walkway through to a small viewing area in the Square was opened up for a few weekends to allow the public to see inside the Red Zone.
Damage to the Cathedral. A public walkway through to a small viewing area in the Square was opened up for a few weekends to allow the public to see inside the Red Zone.
Damage to the north side of the Cathedral. A walkway from Gloucester Street to the Square was opened up for a few days to allow the public a closer look at the Cathedral.
The soon-to-be demolished ANZ building in Cathedral Square. A walkway from Gloucester Street to the Square was opened up for a few days to allow the public a closer look at the Cathedral.
Weeds growing around the war memorial in Cathedral Square. A walkway from Gloucester Street to the Square was opened up for a few days to allow the public a closer look at the Cathedral.
People in Cathedral Square on a day when a walkway was opened up between Re:Start Mall and Cathedral Square to allow temporary public access. The plinth where the statue of John Robert Godley, Canterbury's founder, once stood.
A view down Cashel Street, with the Crossing building and the Westpac building in the background. Taken on a day when a walkway was opened up between Re:Start Mall and Cathedral Square to allow temporary public access.
Damage to the north side of the Cathedral. A walkway from Gloucester Street to the Square was opened up for a few days to allow the public a closer look at the Cathedral.
Christmas decorations hanging on the cordon fence on Colombo Street. A walkway from Gloucester Street to the Square was opened up for a few days to allow the public a closer look at the Cathedral.
A photograph of a member of the Wellington Emergency Management Office Emergency Response Team using a crowbar to open the door of a building in the Christchurch central city.
Photograph captioned by BeckerFraserPhotos, "A family walking past Scorpio Books (now in Cashel Mall Re:Start) soon after the cordon opened up this piece of Hereford Street".
The sign for Shand's Emporium at 88 Hereford Street. A plaque on the building reads, "Building in 1851 by John Shand, re-opened as Shand's Emporium, March 17th 1977".