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Research papers, University of Canterbury Library

Liquefaction is a phenomenon that results in a loss of strength and stability of a saturated soil mass due to dynamic excitation such as that imposed by an earthquake. The granular nature of New Zealand soils and the location of many of our cities and towns on fluvial foundations are such that the effects of liquefaction can be very important. Research was undertaken to build on the past work undertaken at the University of Canterbury studying the effects of the 1929 Murchison earthquake, the 1968 Inangahua earthquake and the 1991 Hawks Crag earthquakes on the West Coast. Additional archival information has been gathered from newspapers and reports and from discussions with people who experienced one or all of these large earthquakes that occurred on the West Coast during the 20th Century. Further, some twenty Cone Penetrometer Tests were carried out, with varying success, in Greymouth and Karamea using the Department of Civil Engineering's Drilling Rig. These, combined with the basic site investigation information, consolidate and add to the liquefaction case history data bank at the University of Canterbury. Many of the sites have liquefied in some but not all of the three earthquakes and thus provide both upper and lower bounds for the calibration of empirical models. While a lack of knowledge of the 1929 source location reduces the value of information from that event, the data form a useful set of liquefaction case histories and will become more so as further earthquakes occur. A list of critical sites for checking of the future earthquakes is provided and recommendations are made for the installation of downhole arrays of accelerometers and pore water pressure transducers at a number of sites.

Images, Canterbury Museum

One multi-coloured soft-cover book entitled 'Quake: the Big Canterbury Earthquake of 2010' with colour photographs by David Wethey and text by Ian Stuart. ‘Quake: The Big Canterbury Earthquake of 2010’ contains aerial photographs of the damage to many major heritage sites in Canterbury between Kaiapoi and Darfield after the 4 September 2010 ear...

Images, Canterbury Museum

One landscape colour digital photograph taken on 28 April 2012 showing a painting of a winged pig flying against a cloud. The painting was executed on a large curved concrete block of a temporary retaining wall in Cunningham Terrace, Lyttelton. The retaining walls above and below Cunningham Terrace were severely damaged by the 22 February 2011 ...

Images, Canterbury Museum

One landscape colour digital photograph taken on 28 April 2012. Taken on the corner of Bridle Path and Cunningham Terrace, Lyttelton. Photograph shows a painting of a bottle in the style of a cleaning product. The bottle is labelled "Brain Wash". The retaining walls above and below Cunningham Terrace were severely damaged by the 22 February 201...

Images, Canterbury Museum

One landscape colour digital photograph taken on 28 April 2012 showing a painting representing Nero fiddling while Rome burnt. The painting was executed on a large curved concrete block of a temporary retaining wall in Cunningham Terrace, Lyttelton. Artist The retaining walls above and below Cunningham Terrace were severely damaged by the 22 Feb...

Images, Canterbury Museum

One landscape colour digital photograph taken on 28 April 2012 showing a painting of a steam train with seven visible carriages or wagons. A caption painted below the train reads "The Gravy Train" The painting was executed in blue on large curved concrete blocks of a temporary retaining wall in Cunningham Terrace, Lyttelton. The retaining walls...

Images, Canterbury Museum

One landscape colour digital photograph taken on 28 April 2012 showing a painting of a red circle on a blue background. Painted on the right side of circle is a yellow crescent shaped representation of "the man in the moon". Painted in black is a word puzzle of 6 lines starting with "SCIRT" and changing one letter each line to finish with "STAR...

Images, Canterbury Museum

One landscape colour digital photograph taken on 28 April 2012 showing a painting silhouette of a yacht. A caption painted associated with the image reads "Sailing away? Yea right... Falling Away" The painting was executed in blue and black on a large curved concrete block of a temporary retaining wall in Cunningham Terrace, Lyttelton. The res...

Images, Canterbury Museum

One landscape colour digital photograph taken on 6 September 2010 showing water table alteration in a view towards Park Terrace from Hagley Park, near the Armagh Street bridge. Localised flooding was an almost immediate after effect of the 2010-2011 Canterbury earthquakes. Some areas of Christchurch were submerged, sometimes for several days, f...

Images, Canterbury Museum

One landscape colour digital photograph taken on 1 December 2010 showing a chimney, dislodged by the 4 September 2010 earthquake, atop a 1972 Toyota Crown car. The car to Andrie Woodroffe of 82 Hartley Avenue, Strowan. Car belonged to The chimney that crushed this car in Strowan, Christchurch was thrown from the roof of the house behind it, show...

Images, Canterbury Museum

One portrait colour digital photograph taken on 1 December 2010 showing a chimney, dislodged by the 4 September 2010 earthquake, atop a 1972 Toyota Crown car. The car to Andrie Woodroffe of 82 Hartley Avenue, Strowan. Car belonged to The chimney that crushed this car in Strowan, Christchurch was thrown from the roof of the house behind it, showi...

Images, Canterbury Museum

One landscape colour digital photograph taken on 6 September 2010 showing liquefaction in Hagley Park. Liquefaction is the name of the process where water pushes sand and silt above ground. These puddles of sand and silt are left above ground. Liquefaction caused huge problems when it occurred in residential suburbs as was as likely to push thr...

Images, Canterbury Museum

One landscape colour digital photograph taken on 6 September 2010 showing water table alteration in Hagley Park from near the Armagh Street bridge. Localised flooding was an almost immediate after effect of the 2010-2011 Canterbury earthquakes. Some areas of Christchurch were submerged, sometimes for several days, following the earthquake espec...

Images, Canterbury Museum

One landscape colour digital photograph taken on 18 March 2011 showing the crowd gathered in Hagley Park for the National Memorial Service. On 18 March 2011, the National Christchurch Memorial Service was held as an official remembrance to those who lost their lives during the 6.3 magnitude earthquake on 22 February 2011. As well as being atten...

Images, Canterbury Museum

One landscape colour digital photograph taken on 6 September 2010 showing earthquake damage to buildings on Victoria Street near Bealey Avenue. The red brick building is the Knox Church; it still stands on the corner of Bealey Avenue and Victoria Street following the earthquake, though some extreme measures were taken to make it safe. The red b...

Images, Canterbury Museum

One landscape colour digital photograph taken on 1 March 2011 showing a band playing in the memorial service in Queenstown's central square. The 6.3 magnitude earthquake that struck Christchurch on 22 February 2011 shocked most New Zealanders. Memorial services were held around the country, many were held in conjunction with a fundraising initi...

Images, Canterbury Museum

One landscape colour digital photograph taken on 1 March 2011 showing the road between Franklin and Queenstown with an electronic road work sign depicting the words 'Kia Kaha Christchurch'. People all around New Zealand participated in gestures of support for Christchurch following the 6.3 magnitude earthquake on 22 February 2011. In Queenstown...

Images, Canterbury Museum

One landscape colour digital photograph taken on 1 March 2011 showing the road between Franklin and Queenstown with an electronic road work sign depicting the words '12.51pm 2 minutes silence'. People all around New Zealand participated in gestures of support for Christchurch following the 6.3 magnitude earthquake on 22 February 2011. In Queens...