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Images, UC QuakeStudies

Workers survey a street in Avonside where there are large cracks, piles of liquefaction dug up from people's houses, fenced off portions of the street and an army vehicle parked, after the September 4th earthquake.

Images, UC QuakeStudies

A large crack running through a propery in Avonside after the September 4th quake, creating a gap in the drive way and front of the house, as well as buckling on the gate.

Images, UC QuakeStudies

The damaged Cathedral of the Blessed Sacrament, seen from Fitzgerald Avenue. The dome has been removed, and cracking is visible in the walls. In the foreground is a damaged workshop, part of the Red Bus depot.

Images, UC QuakeStudies

Cracks in the road and liquefaction at the intersection of Rich and Hilton Streets in Kaiapoi. Some of the liqufaction has been dug out of properties and placed in piles on the side of the road.

Images, UC QuakeStudies

A view looking south along towards the Antigua Street foot bridge. The bridge has been blocked off with cones and security tape. On the far bank, large cracks are visible in the bridge's foundations.

Research papers, University of Canterbury Library

Research following the 2010-2011 Canterbury earthquakes investigated the minimum vertical reinforcement required in RC walls to generate well distributed cracking in the plastic hinge region. However, the influence of the loading sequence and rate has not been fully addressed. The new minimum vertical reinforcement limits in NZS 3101:2006 (Amendment 3) include consideration of the material strengths under dynamic load rates, but these provisions have not been validated at a member or system level. A series of tests were conducted on RC prisms to investigate the effect of loading rate and sequence on the local behaviour of RC members. Fifteen axially loaded RC prisms with the designs representing the end region of RC walls were tested under various loading rates to cover the range of pseudo-static and earthquake loading scenarios. These tests will provide substantial data for understanding the local behaviour of RC members, including hysteretic load-deformation behaviour, crack patterns, failure mode, steel strain, strain rate and ductility. Recommendations will be made regarding the effect of loading rate and reinforcement content on the cracking behaviour and ductility of RC members.