Empty sections where houses once stood at 24A Waygreen Avenue in New Brighton. The sections are overgrown with weeds. A single Victorian-style street lamp stands on the side of the footpath. The gutter has partly flooded.
A photograph of the earthquake-damaged Tower Chambers building on the corner of High and Lichfield Streets. The front wall of the top storey has crumbled, taking the awning with it. Crowds of people stand below.
The Forsyth Barr building stands alone, the buildings around it demolished. The photographer comments, "High-rise buildings look totally out of proportion when there's nothing around them to give them context. The jutting out part of this one makes it look unbalanced".
Prime Minister John Key speaking at the Christchurch Earthquake Memorial Service. A sign language interpreter stands to the right. The service was held in Hagley Park on 18 March 2011.
A crushed car outside the Stand Gourmet Takeout and Cafe on Norwich Quay in Lyttelton. The front wall of the top storey crumbled during the earthquake and landed on top of the car. Wire fencing has been placed around the building as a cordon.
A crane dismantles the top storey of Fuze Restaurant and Cafe, which was formerly the Harbour Board Offices building. It was constructed in 1880 from brick and Quail Island stone. It stands on the corner of Oxford Street and Norwich Quay in Lyttelton.
A member of the Salvation Army and Reverend Victoria Matthews speaking at the Christchurch Earthquake Memorial Service. A sign language interpreter stands to the right. The service was held in Hagley Park on 18 March 2011.
Warped bike stands and liquefaction silt on the corner of High, Colombo and Hereford streets. A public walkway down Colombo Street to a small viewing area in the Square was opened up for a few weekends to allow the public to see inside the Red Zone.
Student Army leader Sam Johnston and Patsy Te Are at the Christchurch Earthquake Memorial Service. A sign language interpreter stands to the right. The service was held in Hagley Park on 18 March 2011.
A view looking south down Waygreen Avenue in New Brighton. The footpath is covered with weeds and silt from liquefaction. Flooding can be seen along the edges of the road. A road cone stands in the middle of the road.
An image from a Navy Today April 2011 article titled, "Cordon Patrols in Lyttelton". The image is of Captain Dean McDougall briefing AVM Pete Stockwell, the then commander of the New Zealand Joint Forces. To the left stands LTCDR Simon Rooke.
Student Army leader Sam Johnston and Patsy Te Are speaking at the Christchurch Earthquake Memorial Service. A sign language interpreter stands to the right. The service was held in Hagley Park on 18 March 2011.
A group of men stand with beer bottles. In the background, people are filling containers with water from a bore. The photographer comments, "My friend and crewmate Darren Armstrong was providing water from an artesian bore at his house on Marshland Rd. His roofing company employees stood around helping - and drinking beer".
The Buzz Coffee mobile coffee vender at Gap Filler's cycle-powered cinema. A sign stands next to it, reading, "Please, no parking. Feb 9.1911 - 15 - 18. Outdoor cinema and Gap Filler event here after 7pm those days with landowers' permission. Thanks".
Moira Fraser stands on a mound of liquefaction. The liquefaction is high enough that she is able to hold onto to the spouting of the house next to the mound. A broken fence can be seen protruding through the liquefaction. The property is on Waireka Lane in Bexley.
Puari is a longstanding fishing area for Ngāi Tūāhuriri. It was claimed by chief Pita Te Hori for the hapū in 1868 but denied by the Crown, because the land had been allocated to settlers. This site is now owned by Ngāi Tahu and a building named after Te Hori stands here.
The intersection of Colombo and High Streets with Hereford Street to the left. The 'Flour Power' statue stands in the centre of the intersection with wire fencing placed around it. Three cranes can be seen in the distance.
A police officer talks to the driver of a NZ Post truck at a cordon across Tuam Street. Military personnel stand nearby. The photographer comments, "this was taken shortly after the 4th September earthquake. Police allowed us free access past the cordon and simply advised us to watch out for falling masonry. The access situation was much different after the February aftershock".
An PDF copy of a poster featuring young Pacific Cantabrians. The poster reads, "Be brave, surprise yourself and inspire others. Great things can happen when we dream big and stand together. The poster is from the All Right? I am ... Identity project, which sought to celebrate identity and its importance to Pacific youth and their wellbeing.
A group of residents stand talking on the footpath beside River Road. The photographer comments, "Our neighbours were mostly already displaced by the Sep 4 2010 quakes. We all happened to arrive at the same time, so we had a good chat. From L-R; Deidre Crichton (389), Julie and Philip Cheyne (391), Marike Begg (363), Susannah and Kim Collins (383), Andy Corbin (389)".
A piper stands beside the twisted Medway Street Bridge during the River of Flowers memorial event. A concrete barrier blocking off the bridge is adorned with flowers. The photographer comments, "One year on, Riverside residents gather for a 2 minute silence and to cast flowers in the river. Riverside residents met at the Medway St bridge to commemorate the anniversary of the 22/2/11 quake".
A photograph of a tape artist standing in front of the large tape art mural. Struan Ashby from Tape Art NZ stands at right of frame. The photograph was taken at Street Talk, a Tape Art residency held from 6 - 9 March 2014. Street Talk was a collaborative project between All Right?, Healthy Christchurch and Tape Art NZ that had Christchurch communities create large tape art murals on the south wall of Community and Public Health.
An image of 'Terrific Tinsel', an 'All Rightie' wrapped in Christmas decorations. 'Terrific Tinsel' is one of the 'Festive Besties, a series of characters created by All Right? for their 2015 Christmas e-cards. All Right? used the image as a Facebook cover photo on 17 December 2015 at 10:10am with the caption, "Who's your Terrific Tinsel? Hint: It'll be someone who brings sparkle to any situation and isn't afraid to stand out! Thank them and your other 2015 Besties today with our fab FREE tiles: allright.org.nz/festive".
A woman takes a photograph over the top of the cordon fence at the east end of Re:Start mall. The photographer comments, "The new temporary city mall has been open in Christchurch now for a week. Buildings damaged in the earthquake have been demolished and replaced with cargo containers to create a new, temporary, Cashel Mall. I visited the mall yesterday and was quite impressed with what they have done. The cargo containers have been nicely converted, brightly painted and smartly branded to create some good looking stores ... You'd think it would be strange to stand where my old office used to be and view these cargo-container-stores, but the reality was that it was so far removed from what used to be there that it was actually quite difficult to make the connection. It was only when straying to the attractive wooden boundary fences and peering over that you're suddenly taken back to the time running right up to, and shortly after, the earthquake".
Soil-structure interaction (SSI) has been widely studied during the last decades. The influence of the properties of the ground motion, the structure and the soil have been addressed. However, most of the studies in this field consider a stand-alone structure. This assumption is rarely justifiable in dense urban areas where structures are built close to one another. The dynamic interaction between adjacent structures has been studied since the early 1970s, mainly using numerical and analytical models. Even though the early works in this field have significantly contributed to understanding this problem, they commonly consider important simplifications such as assuming a linear behaviour of the structure and the soil. Some experimental works addressing adjacent structures have recently been conducted using geotechnical centrifuges and 1g shake tables. However, further research is needed to enhance the understanding of this complex phenomenon. A particular case of SSI is that of structures founded in fine loose saturated sandy soil. An iconic example was the devastating effects of liquefaction in Christchurch, New Zealand, during the Canterbury earthquake in 2011. In the case of adjacent structures on liquefiable soil, the experimental evidence is even scarcer. The present work addresses the dynamic interaction between adjacent structures by performing multiple experimental studies. The work starts with two-adjacent structures on a small soil container to expose the basics of the problem. Later, results from tests considering a more significant number of structures on a big laminar box filled with sand are presented. Finally, the response of adjacent structures on saturated sandy soil is addressed using a geotechnical centrifuge and a large 1g shake table. This research shows that the acceleration, lateral displacement, foundation rocking, damping ratio, and fundamental frequency of the structure of focus are considerably affected by the presence of neighbouring buildings. In general, adjacent buildings reduced the dynamic response of the structure of focus on dry sand. However, the acceleration was amplified when the structures had a similar fundamental frequency. In the case of structures on saturated sand, the presence of adjacent structures reduced the liquefaction potential. Neighbouring structures on saturated sand also presented larger rotation of the footing and lateral displacement of the top mass than that of the stand-alone case.