
A photograph of liquefaction near Anzac Drive in Bexley.
A photograph of liquefaction near Anzac Drive in Bexley.
A photograph of liquefaction near Anzac Drive in Bexley.
A photograph of liquefaction near Anzac Drive in Bexley.
A photograph of liquefaction in the Avon Heathcote Estuary.
A photograph of liquefaction near Anzac Drive in Bexley.
A photograph of liquefaction near Anzac Drive in Bexley.
A photograph of liquefaction near Anzac Drive in Bexley.
A photograph of liquefaction near Anzac Drive in Bexley.
A photograph of liquefaction in the Avon Heathcote Estuary.
A photograph of liquefaction in the Avon Heathcote Estuary.
A photograph of liquefaction in the Avon Heathcote Estuary.
A photograph of liquefaction near Anzac Drive in Bexley.
A photograph of liquefaction in the Avon Heathcote Estuary.
A photograph of liquefaction near Anzac Drive in Bexley.
A photograph of liquefaction in the Avon Heathcote Estuary.
A photograph of liquefaction in the Avon Heathcote Estuary.
A photograph of liquefaction in a residential area.
A photograph of liquefaction in the Avon Heathcote Estuary.
A photograph of liquefaction near Anzac Drive in Bexley.
A photograph of liquefaction near Anzac Drive in Bexley.
A photograph of liquefaction near Anzac Drive in Bexley.
A photograph of liquefaction in the Avon Heathcote Estuary.
Liquefaction and damaged footpath on Manchester Street.
A photograph of liquefaction in the Avon Heathcote Estuary.
A digger depositing liquefaction into a truck on Fleete Street in Dallington. When the truck is full, it will take the liquefaction to a dump at Bottle Lake.
Residents working to clear liquefaction from their properties in north-east Christchurch. The liquefaction has been piled on the side of the road where it will be collected by road maintenance contractors.
Liquefaction and flooding in Waitaki Street, Bexley. The photographer comments, "Due to liquefaction and broken drains the water left by the liquefaction stayed in the area for over a week".
A resident using a small digger to clear liquefaction from his property in north-east Christchurch. He is piling the liquefaction on the side of the road where it will be collected.
The 2010–2011 Canterbury earthquake sequence began with the 4 September 2010, Mw7.1 Darfield earthquake and includes up to ten events that induced liquefaction. Most notably, widespread liquefaction was induced by the Darfield and Mw6.2 Christchurch earthquakes. The combination of well-documented liquefaction response during multiple events, densely recorded ground motions for the events, and detailed subsurface characterization provides an unprecedented opportunity to add well-documented case histories to the liquefaction database. This paper presents and applies 50 high-quality cone penetration test (CPT) liquefaction case histories to evaluate three commonly used, deterministic, CPT-based simplified liquefaction evaluation procedures. While all the procedures predicted the majority of the cases correctly, the procedure proposed by Idriss and Boulanger (2008) results in the lowest error index for the case histories analyzed, thus indicating better predictions of the observed liquefaction response.