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To cordon or not to cordon: The inherent complexities of post-earthquake c…
Research papers, University of Canterbury Library
The use of post-earthquake cordons as a tool to support emergency managers after an event has been documented around the world. However, there is limited research that attempts to understand the use, effectiveness, inherent complexities, impacts and subsequent consequences of cordoning once applied. This research aims to fill that gap by providing a detailed understanding of first, the cordons and associated processes, and their implications in a post-earthquake scenario. We use a qualitative method to understand cordons through case studies of two cities where it was used in different temporal and spatial scales: Christchurch (2011) and Wellington (Kaikōura earthquake 2016), New Zealand. Data was collected through 21 expert interviews obtained through purposive and snowball sampling of key informants who were directly or indirectly involved in a decision-making role and/or had influence in relation to the cordoning process. The participants were from varying backgrounds and roles i.e. emergency managers, council members, business representatives, insurance representatives, police and communication managers. The data was transcribed, coded in Nvivo and then grouped based on underlying themes and concepts and then analyzed inductively. It is found that cordons are used primarily as a tool to control access for the purpose of life safety and security. But cordons can also be adapted to support recovery. Broadly, it can be synthesized and viewed based on two key aspects, ‘decision-making’ and ‘operations and management’, which overlap and interact as part of a complex system. The underlying complexity arises in large part due to the multitude of sectors it transcends such as housing, socio-cultural requirements, economics, law, governance, insurance, evacuation, available resources etc. The complexity further increases as the duration of cordon is extended.
Nic Johns and Mark Osborne WEMO Photograph 021
Images, UC QuakeStudies
A photograph of a cordon made from wire fencing, road cones and tape on the intersection of Manchester and Welles Streets. In the background, bricks from a earthquake-damaged building are piled on the footpath.
WEMO ERT Set 3 - February 2011 - Photograph 173
Images, UC QuakeStudies
A photograph of emergency tape cordoning off Hereford Street near the end of the Christchurch City Council building. Tape has also been draped around St Elmo Courts as a cordon.
Terry Binding WEMO Photograph 04
Images, UC QuakeStudies
A photograph of the earthquake damage to The Painted Room on Colombo Street. The ceiling of the building has collapsed into the store, smashing the front window. Wire fencing and police tape has been placed around the building as a cordon.
Nic Johns and Mark Osborne WEMO Photograph 022
Images, UC QuakeStudies
A photograph of a cordon made from wire fencing, road cones and tape on the intersection of Manchester and Welles Streets. In the background, bricks from a earthquake-damaged building are piled on the footpath.
BeckerFraserPhotos October 2011 photograph 123
Images, UC QuakeStudies
Photograph captioned by BeckerFraserPhotos, "Soldier wayfinding for a tourist at the Gloucester Street cordon".
BeckerFraserPhotos October 2011 photograph 159
Images, UC QuakeStudies
Photograph captioned by BeckerFraserPhotos, "The Bridge of Remembrance cordon fence".
Photograph by Paul Corliss 2501
Images, UC QuakeStudies
A photograph of a city centre map attached to a cordon fence on Hereford Street.
Photograph by Paul Corliss 2655
Images, UC QuakeStudies
A photograph of a cordon fence on the corner of Rangatira Terrace and Seamount Terrace.
Photograph by Paul Corliss 2502
Images, UC QuakeStudies
A photograph of a city centre map attached to a cordon fence on Hereford Street.
Rebekah Rogers WEMO Photograph 011
Images, UC QuakeStudies
A photograph of the earthquake damage to the Carlton Hotel on the corner of Papanui Road and Bealey Avenue. The wall of the top storey of the building has crumbled, and bricks have fallen onto the footpath. Wire fencing, road cones, and cordon tape have been placed around the building as a cordon. Scaffolding and steel bracing can be seen against the front of the building.
BeckerFraserPhotos September 2010 photograph 052
Images, UC QuakeStudies
Members of the public viewing the damage to the Trinity Congregational Church (now the Octagon Live Restaurant) on the corner of Worcester and Manchester Streets. Wire fencing and tape have been placed around the building.
BeckerFraserPhotos September 2010 photograph 053
Images, UC QuakeStudies
A brother and sister look through wire fencing at the damage to the central city. Temporary fencing like this was placed across streets and around buildings as cordons.
Photograph by Paul Corliss 0626
Images, UC QuakeStudies
A photograph of a damaged building in Lyttelton.
Photograph by Paul Corliss 2132
Images, UC QuakeStudies
A photograph of the boarded-up side of a building on Peterborough Street.
Photograph by Paul Corliss 1474
Images, UC QuakeStudies
A photograph captioned by Paul Corliss, "Substation, Avon Loop".
Photograph by Paul Corliss 2133
Images, UC QuakeStudies
A photograph of the boarded-up side of a building on Peterborough Street.
Photograph by Paul Corliss 3321
Images, UC QuakeStudies
A photograph of a sculpture in Poplar Lane. The photograph is captioned by Paul Corliss, "Tuam Street and High Street shops, CBD. By Alice's".
BeckerFraserPhotos May 2011 photograph 0669
Images, UC QuakeStudies
Photograph captioned by BeckerFraserPhotos, "The cordon has just been moved back and people are coming to look".
Photograph by Paul Corliss 3333
Images, UC QuakeStudies
A photograph of a sculpture in Poplar Lane. The photograph is captioned by Paul Corliss, "Tuam Street and High Street shops, CBD. By Alice's".
Julia Holden's 2013 Photographs 159
Images, UC QuakeStudies
A photograph of damaged buildings on Hereford Street. The road has been fenced off.
Julia Holden's 2013 Photographs 305
Images, UC QuakeStudies
A photograph of Majestic House, taken near the intersection of Manchester Street, Lichfield Street and High Street. Lichfield Street has been blocked off by fences and barricades.
Julia Holden's 2013 Photographs 144
Images, UC QuakeStudies
A photograph of fenced-off buildings on Liverpool Street.
Photograph by Paul Corliss 1476
Images, UC QuakeStudies
A photograph captioned by Paul Corliss, "Substation, Avon Loop".
Photograph by Paul Corliss 0825
Images, UC QuakeStudies
A photograph captioned by Paul Corliss, "Ground culinary centre, Lyttelton".
Photograph by Paul Corliss 2134
Images, UC QuakeStudies
A photograph of the boarded-up side of a building on Peterborough Street.
Julia Holden's 2013 Photographs 206
Images, UC QuakeStudies
A photograph of fenced-off buildings on Oxford Terrace.
BeckerFraserPhotos November 2011 photograph 217
Images, UC QuakeStudies
Photograph captioned by BeckerFraserPhotos, "Looking down Hereford Street from Oxford Terrace".
Photograph by Paul Corliss 0609
Images, UC QuakeStudies
A photograph of the damaged Royal Hotel.
Photograph by Paul Corliss 0617
Images, UC QuakeStudies
A photograph of damaged buildings on London Street, Lyttelton.