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Images for Foundations; more images...

Images, Alexander Turnbull Library

Relates to the three new categories for residential foundation design that have been developed and will be required for repairing and rebuilding homes in Canterbury following the earthquakes of 2010 and 2011. The 'zones' referred to in the cartoon are the colours designated to different degrees of damage to particular areas or buildings in Christchurch after the earthquakes. Quantity: 1 digital cartoon(s).

Images, UC QuakeStudies

A view looking south along towards the Antigua Street foot bridge. The bridge has been blocked off with cones and security tape. On the far bank, large cracks are visible in the bridge's foundations.

Images, UC QuakeStudies

Part of a stone wall left sticking out over the edge after the cliff below it collapsed. The photographer comments, "A viewing platform in Clifton has its foundations exposed after the cliff face collapsed".

Images, UC QuakeStudies

A damaged driveway bridge over a stream has visibly moved, scraping up some of the driveway. The photographer comments, "Our neighbour Pam Shadbolt's house, immediately behind our house, on the bank of Dudley Creek. The bridge has broken free from its foundations".

Images, UC QuakeStudies

A photograph of the earthquake damage to a house on Woodham Road. The house has come off its foundations as the bricks wall have crumbled, spilling onto the footpath in front. Road cones have been placed along the street to warn road users.

Images, UC QuakeStudies

Damage to a house in Richmond. Stucco underneath a window has cracked, and the foundation appears to be on a lean. The photographer comments, "These photos show our old house in River Rd and recovery work around Richmond and St Albans. The bay window of our bedroom has jumped off the foundations, cracking the stucco".

Images, UC QuakeStudies

Damage to a house in Richmond. Bricks have fallen from the walls onto the driveway, and a large gap between the concrete foundation and the wooden framing shows how much the house has moved. The photographer comments, "The foundations and brick cladding moved, but the timber wall remained in position. The gap grew to over 400mm by the time the house was demolished.

Images, UC QuakeStudies

Detail of damage to a house in Richmond. A double-brick wall has collapsed, and a gap is visible between the house and its foundation. The photographer comments, "These photos show our old house in River Rd and recovery work around Richmond and St Albans. The house and the concrete patio are now 15cm apart. The house took half the dining room's remaining bricks with it as it jumped off the foundations. It gives a good visual indication of the displacement".

Videos, UC QuakeStudies

A video of an interview with Andy Dodd, archaeologist at Underground Overground Archaeology, and Rewi Couch, representative for Te Hapu o Ngai Te Wheke, about the excavation of the site of the former Lyttelton Post Office on Norwich Quay. A Maori adze was found by the archaeologists deep beneath the concrete foundations of the building. The adze is a woodworking tool which indicates that early Maori settlers may have carved and launched waka on the site.

Research papers, University of Canterbury Library

Surface rupture of the previously unrecognised Greendale Fault extended west-east for ~30 km across alluvial plains west of Christchurch, New Zealand, during the Mw 7.1 Darfield (Canterbury) earthquake of September 2010. Surface rupture displacement was predominantly dextral strike-slip, averaging ~2.5 m, with maxima of ~5 m. Vertical displacement was generally less than 0.75 m. The surface rupture deformation zone ranged in width from ~30 to 300 m, and comprised discrete shears, localised bulges and, primarily, horizontal dextral flexure. About a dozen buildings, mainly single-storey houses and farm sheds, were affected by surface rupture, but none collapsed, largely because most of the buildings were relatively flexible and resilient timber-framed structures and also because deformation was distributed over a relatively wide zone. There were, however, notable differences in the respective performances of the buildings. Houses with only lightly-reinforced concrete slab foundations suffered moderate to severe structural and non-structural damage. Three other buildings performed more favourably: one had a robust concrete slab foundation, another had a shallow-seated pile foundation that isolated ground deformation from the superstructure, and the third had a structural system that enabled the house to tilt and rotate as a rigid body. Roads, power lines, underground pipes, and fences were also deformed by surface fault rupture and suffered damage commensurate with the type of feature, its orientation to the fault, and the amount, sense and width of surface rupture deformation.

Research papers, University of Canterbury Library

The 22 February 2011, Mw6.2-6.3 Christchurch earthquake is the most costly earthquake to affect New Zealand, causing 181 fatalities and severely damaging thousands of residential and commercial buildings, and most of the city lifelines and infrastructure. This manuscript presents an overview of observed geotechnical aspects of this earthquake as well as some of the completed and on-going research investigations. A unique aspect, which is particularly emphasized, is the severity and spatial extent of liquefaction occurring in native soils. Overall, both the spatial extent and severity of liquefaction in the city was greater than in the preceding 4th September 2010 Darfield earthquake, including numerous areas that liquefied in both events. Liquefaction and lateral spreading, variable over both large and short spatial scales, affected commercial structures in the Central Business District (CBD) in a variety of ways including: total and differential settlements and tilting; punching settlements of structures with shallow foundations; differential movements of components of complex structures; and interaction of adjacent structures via common foundation soils. Liquefaction was most severe in residential areas located to the east of the CBD as a result of stronger ground shaking due to the proximity to the causative fault, a high water table approximately 1m from the surface, and soils with composition and states of high susceptibility and potential for liquefaction. Total and differential settlements, and lateral movements, due to liquefaction and lateral spreading is estimated to have severely compromised 15,000 residential structures, the majority of which otherwise sustained only minor to moderate damage directly due to inertial loading from ground shaking. Liquefaction also had a profound effect on lifelines and other infrastructure, particularly bridge structures, and underground services. Minor damage was also observed at flood stop banks to the north of the city, which were more severely impacted in the 4th September 2010 Darfield earthquake. Due to the large high-frequency ground motion in the Port hills numerous rock falls and landslides also occurred, resulting in several fatalities and rendering some residential areas uninhabitable.