Damaged pavement on the Williams Street bridge in Kaiapoi. The concrete abutment has risen during the earthquake, forcing its way through the pavement of the footpath into the open.
A member of the New Zealand Army chatting to a woman with her dog at a cordon checkpoint on Armagh Street.
Cracking in the land next to the Williams Street bridge in Kaiapoi, still not filled in. Tape has been placed on the fence posts to keep people away.
A document describing the early warning system to alert team members of ground and structural movement at the Arch.
Photograph captioned by BeckerFraserPhotos, "Extensive slumping and cracking near where Horseshoe Lake joins up with the Avon River".
A photograph captioned by BeckerFraserPhotos, "Shoppers moving between Ballantynes and Cashel Mall behind the cordon on Colombo Street".
Photograph captioned by BeckerFraserPhotos, "This is a very high tide in the Avon River, but shows how the danger of flooding has increased".
A document describing the use of a remotely operated hydraulic jaw crusher to avoid the need to make confined space entries.
A document describing Downer's planned approach for neutralising the high pH of any potential bentonite or grout discharge into the Avon river.
A document outlining the methodology for rebuilding horizontal infrastructure in the central city, covering wastewater (local reticulation and trunk), wastewater pump stations, storm water (local reticulation and trunk), potable water, roads, and bridges.
Photograph captioned by BeckerFraserPhotos, "Gloucester Street leading onto Gayhurst Road. Demolished part of St Paul's School at the lower centre".
A man walks towards a damaged house in Dallington. The chimney has fallen, and roofing tiles have shaken loose. In the foreground, the railings of the damaged Dallington Bridge are visible.
After a high-intensity seismic event, inspections of structural damages need to be carried out as soon as possible in order to optimize the emergency management, as well as improving the recovery time. In the current practice, damage inspections are performed by an experienced engineer, who physically inspect the structures. This way of doing not only requires a significant amount of time and high skilled human resources, but also raises the concern about the inspector’s safety. A promising alternative is represented using new technologies, such as drones and artificial intelligence, which can perform part of the damage classification task. In fact, drones can safely access high hazard components of the structures: for instance, bridge piers or abutments, and perform the reconnaissance by using highresolution cameras. Furthermore, images can be automatically processed by machine learning algorithms, and damages detected. In this paper, the possibility of applying such technologies for inspecting New Zealand bridges is explored. Firstly, a machine-learning model for damage detection by performing image analysis is presented. Specifically, the algorithm was trained to recognize cracks in concrete members. A sensitivity analysis was carried out to evaluate the algorithm accuracy by using database images. Depending on the confidence level desired,i.e. by allowing a manual classification where the alghortim confidence is below a specific tolerance, the accuracy was found reaching up to 84.7%. In the second part, the model is applied to detect the damage observed on the Anzac Bridge (GPS coordinates -43.500865, 172.701138) in Christchurch by performing a drone reconnaissance. Reults show that the accuracy of the damage detection was equal to 88% and 63% for cracking and spalling, respectively.
A view of the Worcester Street bridge from across the Avon River. In the background, the Our City O-Tautahi building is surrounded by scaffolding and bracing, the Rydges building behind.
A photograph of a tag on a wall made of concrete blocks. The wall is near the railway tracks which run under the Durham Street over bridge. The tag reads, "JFK".
A view of the Worcester Street bridge from across the Avon River. In the background, the Our City O-Tautahi building is surrounded by scaffolding and bracing, the Rydges building behind.
A view of the Worcester Street bridge from across the Avon River. In the background, the Our City O-Tautahi building is surrounded by scaffolding and bracing, the Rydges building behind.
Urban Search and Rescue personnel escorting construction workers over a bridge on Colombo Street in the aftermath of the 22 February 2011 earthquake. The road and footpath have been severely warped by the earthquake.
Urban Search and Rescue personnel escorting construction workers over a bridge on Colombo Street in the aftermath of the 22 February 2011 earthquake. The road and footpath have been severely warped by the earthquake.
A photograph of members of the New Zealand Army guarding a cordon near the intersection of Armagh Street and Rolleston Avenue.
The center of the river has slumped and the two banks have moved about a meter closer together which caused this footbridge to be so twisted. There is a suggestion that this be left as a memorial to the earthquake.
A crack between the river bank and the footpath near the Williams Street Bridge in Kaiapoi. This crack has now largely been filled in. The visible gap shows how much the land slipped towards the river during the earthquake.
A dock by the riverbank walkway alongside New Brighton Road which has been closed off to the public. The area has flooded at high tide due to ground subsidence".
A damaged wooden footbridge across the Avon River beside University Drive is blocked off with sheets of plywood and danger signs. The photographer comments, "The University restarts its teaching, and the techies in e-learning move out of NZi3. The bridge to the Rec Centre".
A photograph captioned, "I miss living here, right by the river. I'd been there for quite a long time, 12 years or so. I realize now I took it for granted a bit. I used to get a bit bored with having a big old house that was cold, difficult to clean, and perhaps hard to keep warm. But now, when I go back there, I miss living in a big house by the river with an open fire and a big lounge and everything. I had the park there on the other side of the river. And there was a little bridge down there where you could walk over to it. There was actually a circuit you could do, up to the New Brighton Bridge and back. Yeah, it was beautiful".
Photograph captioned by BeckerFraserPhotos, "Eleven merged images of Christchurch looking south from the roof of the Ibis Hotel in Hereford Street".
Attendees of the 2011 United States New Zealand Partnership Forum sitting outside the Christchurch Art Gallery shortly after the 22 February 2011 earthquake. One of the attendees has a blue plaster over the bridge of his nose.
Photograph captioned by BeckerFraserPhotos, "CBD looking east along Cashel Streets. Brightly coloured containers in the new Cashel Mall at centre left".
Photograph captioned by BeckerFraserPhotos, "Looking north along Cambridge Terrace and Durham Street from St Michael and All Angels Church".
Photograph captioned by BeckerFraserPhotos, "Cambridge Terrace, near the Colombo Street Bridge. The melancholy air of this stretch of the river bank matches the sombre tone of the PGC site just across the road, where 18 people died".