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Research papers, University of Canterbury Library

The extent of liquefaction in the eastern suburbs of Christchurch (Aranui, Bexley, Avonside, Avonhead and Dallington) from the February 22 2011 Earthquake resulted in extensive damage to in-ground waste water pipe systems. This caused a huge demand for portable toilets (or port-a-loos) and companies were importing them from outside Canterbury and in some instances from Australia. However, because they were deemed “assets of importance” under legislation, their allocation had to be coordinated by Civil Defence and Emergency Management (CDEM). Consequently, companies supplying them had to ignore requests from residents, businesses and rest homes; and commitments to large events outside of the city such as the Hamilton 400 V8 Supercars and the Pasifika Festival in Auckland were impacted. Frustrations started to show as neighbourhoods questioned the equity of the port-a-loos distribution. The Prime Minister was reported as reassuring citizens in the eastern suburbs in the first week of March that1 “a report about the distribution of port-a-loos and chemical toilets shows allocation has been fair. Key said he has asked Civil Defence about the distribution process and where the toilets been sent. He said there aren’t enough for the scale of the event but that is quickly being rectified and the need for toilets is being reassessed all the time.” Nonetheless, there still remained a deep sense of frustration and exclusion over the equity of the port-a-loos distribution. This study took the simple approach of mapping where those port-a-loos were on 11-12 March for several areas in the eastern suburbs and this suggested that their distribution was not equitable and was not well done. It reviews the predictive tools available for estimating damage to waste water pipes and asks the question could this situation have been better planned so that pot-a-loo locations could have been better prioritised? And finally it reviews the integral roles of communication and monitoring as part of disaster management strategy. The impression from this study is that other New Zealand urban centres could or would also be at risk and that work is need to developed more rational management approaches for disaster planning.

Images, UC QuakeStudies

LCPL Ryan Dempsey, from the 3rd Catering and Supply Company, photographed in the NZ Army's decontamination area. The area was set up after the 22 February 2011 earthquake in order to decontaminate equipment used in Operation Christchurch Quake. In the background is a sign reading, 'Contaminated overalls'.

Images, UC QuakeStudies

Deputy Administrator for Protection and National Preparedness at the Federal Emergency Management Agency, Tim Manning, and Michael Layne from the US Embassy in Wellington, speaking to Ray Kennedy, an Area Manager from the New Zealand Fire Service, in the Christchurch Art Gallery about the 22 February 2011 earthquake.

Images, UC QuakeStudies

A view down Gloucester Street in the aftermath of the February 2011 earthquake, showing damage to Wave House (formerly the Trade Union building). In the sky above a helicopter can be seen carrying a monsoon bucket that was used to put out flames in the Canterbury Television building.

Images, UC QuakeStudies

Urban Search and Rescue personnel escorting construction workers down Colombo Street in the aftermath of the 22 February 2011 earthquake. Behind them a team of Fire Service and Urban Search and Rescue personnel can be seen using a crane to check the Forsyth Barr building for trapped people.

Images, UC QuakeStudies

Defence Force personnel walking down Norwich Quay during an operational tour of Lyttelton taken by Commander Joint Forces New Zealand, Air Vice Marshal Peter Stockwell and Chief of Army Tim Keating to view the aftermath of the Christchurch Earthquake. A large crack can be seen in the footpath.

Images, UC QuakeStudies

Urban Search and Rescue personnel escorting construction workers down Colombo Street in the aftermath of the 22 February 2011 earthquake. Behind them a team of Fire Service and Urban Search and Rescue personnel can be seen using a crane to check the Forsyth Barr building for trapped people.

Images, UC QuakeStudies

Students at the University of Canterbury relaxing inside the UCSA's "Big Top" tent. The tent was erected to provide support for students in the aftermath of the 22 February 2011 earthquake. The students have spent the day clearing liquefaction from Christchurch properties as part of the Student Volunteer Army.

Images, UC QuakeStudies

A photograph of the earthquake damage to Knox Church on the corner of Bealey Avenue and Victoria Street. The walls of the gables have crumbled, and the bricks have fallen onto the footpath. Road cones, metal fences, and cordon tape have been placed around the building as a cordon.

Videos, UC QuakeStudies

A video about a memorial wall in the Linwood Crematorium Memorial Garden which collapsed during the 22 February 2011 earthquake. The wall housed nearly 100 people's ashes. Staff from the Cremation Society of Canterbury collected the ashes and stored them in bags until the wall could be rebuilt.

Videos, UC QuakeStudies

A video of people shopping on the opening day of Re:Start Mall. Re:Start Mall is a container mall set up in Cashel Street after the 22 February 2011 earthquake. It is made up of shipping-container shops, with the Ballantynes Department Store reopening as a retail anchor.

Videos, UC QuakeStudies

A video of an interview with Warwick and Margo Schulz, residents of the red-zoned Arnst Place in Dallington. The Schulzes talk about how their life has changed since the 4 September 2010 earthquake. This video is part of The Press's 'One Year On: September 4, 2010' series.

Images, UC QuakeStudies

A photograph of an earthquake-damaged house on Gloucester Street. The bottom storey of the house has shifted and is now on a noticeable lean. USAR codes have been spray-painted on the front of the building and a red sticker has been placed on one of the windows.

Images, UC QuakeStudies

A photograph of the earthquake damage to the Edward Gibbon building on Madras Street. Sections of the top storey have collapsed and the bricks have spilled onto the road in front, damaging the awning and smashing several cars. The message, 'Clear', has been spray-painted on the closest car.

Images, UC QuakeStudies

A photograph of the Durham Street Methodist Church which collapsed during the 22 February 2011 earthquake. All that is left is a small section of the front wall. A large pile of masonry sits in front. To the left, scaffolding indicates the height of the building before it collapsed.

Images, UC QuakeStudies

A photograph of an excavator clearing the rubble from earthquake-damaged buildings on Lichfield Street. The rubble has been gathered from the street and piled up beside the Majestic Theatre. In the foreground a member of the Wellington Emergency Management Office Emergency Response Team is crossing the street.

Images, UC QuakeStudies

A photograph of the earthquake damage to a building on the corner of Hereford and Madras Streets. Sections of the walls have crumbled, the bricks spilling onto the footpath below. The frame of a window has fallen onto the scaffolding, and many of the glass windows have smashed.

Images, UC QuakeStudies

A photograph of the earthquake damage to Avonmore House on Hereford Street. Sections of the walls have crumbled, spilling bricks and masonry onto the footpath and street below. Many of the windows have warped, breaking the glass. USAR codes have been spray-painted on one of the columns.

Images, UC QuakeStudies

A photograph of the earthquake damage to St Elmo Courts on the corner of Hereford and Montreal Streets. There are large cracks in the building's façade. USAR codes have been spray-painted on one of the windows. Police tape has been draped around the building as a cordon.

Images, UC QuakeStudies

Defence Force personnel walking down Norwich Quay during an operational tour of Lyttelton taken by Commander Joint Forces New Zealand, Air Vice Marshal Peter Stockwell and Chief of Army Tim Keating to view the aftermath of the Christchurch Earthquake. A large crack can be seen in the footpath.

Images, UC QuakeStudies

A photograph of the earthquake damage to a block of buildings in central Christchurch. The basement of the buildings have collapsed and the concrete blocks have spilled into the car park. Large cracks have also formed in between the blocks in the walls of the building to the left.

Images, UC QuakeStudies

A photograph of a member of the Wellington Emergency Management Office Emergency Response Team pointing to an earthquake-damaged house in central Christchurch. A large section of the house has collapsed, the rubble spilling onto the driveway. Emergency tape has been draped across the driveway as a cordon.

Images, UC QuakeStudies

A photograph of the earthquake damage to the Cathedral of the Blessed Sacrament on Barbadoes Street. The tower on the right has crumbled, and the masonry has fallen to the pavement below. A car has been crushed by the fallen rubble. Windows in the tower behind are broken.

Images, UC QuakeStudies

Prime Minister John Key preparing for a photograph with Al Dwyer, leader of the Disaster Assistance Response Team (DART), and members of DART, outside the US headquarters in Latimer Square. Latimer Square was set up as a temporary headquarters for emergency managements personnel after the 22 February 2011 earthquake.

Images, UC QuakeStudies

A photograph of emergency management personnel standing outside the Canterbury Trade Union Centre on Armagh Street. Emergency tape has been draped around the outside of the building and USAR codes have been spray-painted on a column near the entrance. Behind the building are several other earthquake-damaged buildings.

Images, UC QuakeStudies

Prime Minister John Key preparing for a photograph with Al Dwyer, leader of the Disaster Assistance Response Team (DART), and members of DART, outside the US headquarters in Latimer Square. Latimer Square was set up as a temporary headquarters for emergency managements personnel after the 22 February 2011 earthquake.

Images, UC QuakeStudies

A photograph of the earthquake-damage to the Quinn's clothing store on Papanui Road. The front wall of the building has crumbled, the bricks and other rubble falling onto the footpath and street below. The inside of the second storey can now clearly be seen from the street.

Images, UC QuakeStudies

A photograph of the earthquake damage to a building on the corner of Armagh and Barbadoes Streets. The outer walls of the building have collapsed and the bricks have spilled onto the footpath and road below. Steel and wire fences have been placed around the building as a cordon.