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Images for stands; more images...

Images, UC QuakeStudies

The Forsyth Barr building stands alone, the buildings around it demolished. The photographer comments, "High-rise buildings look totally out of proportion when there's nothing around them to give them context. The jutting out part of this one makes it look unbalanced".

Images, UC QuakeStudies

A crane dismantles the top storey of Fuze Restaurant and Cafe, which was formerly the Harbour Board Offices building. It was constructed in 1880 from brick and Quail Island stone. It stands on the corner of Oxford Street and Norwich Quay in Lyttelton.

Images, UC QuakeStudies

Warped bike stands and liquefaction silt on the corner of High, Colombo and Hereford streets. A public walkway down Colombo Street to a small viewing area in the Square was opened up for a few weekends to allow the public to see inside the Red Zone.

Images, UC QuakeStudies

A group of men stand with beer bottles. In the background, people are filling containers with water from a bore. The photographer comments, "My friend and crewmate Darren Armstrong was providing water from an artesian bore at his house on Marshland Rd. His roofing company employees stood around helping - and drinking beer".

Images, UC QuakeStudies

Moira Fraser stands on a mound of liquefaction. The liquefaction is high enough that she is able to hold onto to the spouting of the house next to the mound. A broken fence can be seen protruding through the liquefaction. The property is on Waireka Lane in Bexley.

Videos, UC QuakeStudies

Puari is a longstanding fishing area for Ngāi Tūāhuriri. It was claimed by chief Pita Te Hori for the hapū in 1868 but denied by the Crown, because the land had been allocated to settlers. This site is now owned by Ngāi Tahu and a building named after Te Hori stands here.

Images, UC QuakeStudies

A group of residents stand talking on the footpath beside River Road. The photographer comments, "Our neighbours were mostly already displaced by the Sep 4 2010 quakes. We all happened to arrive at the same time, so we had a good chat. From L-R; Deidre Crichton (389), Julie and Philip Cheyne (391), Marike Begg (363), Susannah and Kim Collins (383), Andy Corbin (389)".

Images, UC QuakeStudies

A piper stands beside the twisted Medway Street Bridge during the River of Flowers memorial event. A concrete barrier blocking off the bridge is adorned with flowers. The photographer comments, "One year on, Riverside residents gather for a 2 minute silence and to cast flowers in the river. Riverside residents met at the Medway St bridge to commemorate the anniversary of the 22/2/11 quake".

Research papers, The University of Auckland Library

Soil-structure interaction (SSI) has been widely studied during the last decades. The influence of the properties of the ground motion, the structure and the soil have been addressed. However, most of the studies in this field consider a stand-alone structure. This assumption is rarely justifiable in dense urban areas where structures are built close to one another. The dynamic interaction between adjacent structures has been studied since the early 1970s, mainly using numerical and analytical models. Even though the early works in this field have significantly contributed to understanding this problem, they commonly consider important simplifications such as assuming a linear behaviour of the structure and the soil. Some experimental works addressing adjacent structures have recently been conducted using geotechnical centrifuges and 1g shake tables. However, further research is needed to enhance the understanding of this complex phenomenon. A particular case of SSI is that of structures founded in fine loose saturated sandy soil. An iconic example was the devastating effects of liquefaction in Christchurch, New Zealand, during the Canterbury earthquake in 2011. In the case of adjacent structures on liquefiable soil, the experimental evidence is even scarcer. The present work addresses the dynamic interaction between adjacent structures by performing multiple experimental studies. The work starts with two-adjacent structures on a small soil container to expose the basics of the problem. Later, results from tests considering a more significant number of structures on a big laminar box filled with sand are presented. Finally, the response of adjacent structures on saturated sandy soil is addressed using a geotechnical centrifuge and a large 1g shake table. This research shows that the acceleration, lateral displacement, foundation rocking, damping ratio, and fundamental frequency of the structure of focus are considerably affected by the presence of neighbouring buildings. In general, adjacent buildings reduced the dynamic response of the structure of focus on dry sand. However, the acceleration was amplified when the structures had a similar fundamental frequency. In the case of structures on saturated sand, the presence of adjacent structures reduced the liquefaction potential. Neighbouring structures on saturated sand also presented larger rotation of the footing and lateral displacement of the top mass than that of the stand-alone case.