Ray Whelan WEMO Photograph 40

Images, UC QuakeStudies

A photograph of cracks in a field indicating the location of the Greendale fault line. The fence has toppled.

Ray Whelan WEMO Photograph 41

Images, UC QuakeStudies

A photograph of a road over the Greendale fault line which has shifted laterally.

Ray Whelan WEMO Photograph 24

Images, UC QuakeStudies

A photograph of emergency management personnel at a temporary Civil Defence headquarters in Christchurch after the 4 September 2010 earthquake. The headquarters was set up in the Christchurch Art Gallery.

Ray Whelan WEMO Photograph 48

Images, UC QuakeStudies

A photograph of volunteers from the Wellington Emergency Management Office sitting on a skip full of mattresses outside Cowles Stadium. The stadium was set up by Civil Defence as temporary accommodation for citizens displaced by the 4 September 2010 earthquake.

Ray Whelan WEMO Photograph 29

Images, UC QuakeStudies

A photograph of stretchers and blankets in Cowles Stadium on Pages Road. The stadium was set up by Civil Defence as temporary accommodation for citizens displaced by the 4 September 2010 earthquake. In the background are a stack of mattresses and a cot.

Ray Whelan WEMO Photograph 16

Images, UC QuakeStudies

A photograph of the Manchester Courts Building on the corner of Manchester and Hereford Streets. The photograph was taken from behind a cordon fence.

Ray Whelan WEMO Photograph 10

Images, UC QuakeStudies

A photograph of the earthquake damage to a building in the Christchurch central city. Some of the windows have been broken, and blinds are hanging out of them.

Ray Whelan WEMO Photograph 34

Images, UC QuakeStudies

A photograph of members of the Red Cross at the Registration table in Cowles Stadium on Pages Road. The stadium was set up by Civil Defence as temporary accommodation for citizens displayed by the 4 September 2010 earthquake.

Ray Whelan WEMO Photograph 37

Images, UC QuakeStudies

A photograph of a cardboard sign outside St Paul's Church in Dallington. The sign reads, "St Paul's Parish Mass, Sunday 10am, Marian College Hall, North Parade". In the background police tape is draped around the building.

Ray Whelan WEMO Photograph 35

Images, UC QuakeStudies

A photograph of cracks in the side of a footpath in Christchurch. A road cone has been placed over the crack in order to warn footpath users.

Ray Whelan WEMO Photograph 01

Images, UC QuakeStudies

A photograph of the earthquake damage to Asko Designs on Victoria Street. The brick wall on the right side and part of the front façade have crumbled. Bricks and other rubble have fallen onto the footpath below. Wire fences and police tape have been placed around the building as a cordon.

Ray Whelan WEMO Photograph 25

Images, UC QuakeStudies

A photograph of a kitchen with food and drinks for the emergency management personnel at a temporary Civil Defence headquarters. The headquarters was set up at the Mainland Foundation Ballpark after the 4 September 2010 earthquake.

Ray Whelan WEMO Photograph 05

Images, UC QuakeStudies

A photograph of masonry removed from Cranmer Courts on the corner of Montreal and Kilmore Streets.

Ray Whelan WEMO Photograph 06

Images, UC QuakeStudies

A photograph of the earthquake damage to Cranmer Courts on the corner of Montreal and Kilmore Streets. The brick walls of the gables have crumbled at the top, and wooden bracing has been placed against them to limit further damage.

Ray Whelan WEMO Photograph 13

Images, UC QuakeStudies

A photograph of the earthquake damage to a building on Manchester Street. The top railing of the façade has fallen away and cracks can be seen in the brickwork of the wall below.

Ray Whelan WEMO Photograph 51

Images, UC QuakeStudies

A photograph of an earthquake damaged building on Lichfield Street. The brick wall of the top storey has crumbled, exposing the wooden structure inside. Many of the windows have broken.

Ray Whelan WEMO Photograph 21

Images, UC QuakeStudies

A photograph taken inside the Crowne Plaza Hotel on Kilmore Street, looking down into the café and restaurant area.

Ray Whelan WEMO Photograph 15

Images, UC QuakeStudies

A photograph of the earthquake damage to the Country Theme store on the corner of Manchester and St Asaph Street. Parts of the bricks walls have crumbled. Most of the bricks have been cleared from the footpath. Steel fences and road cones have been placed around the building as a cordon.

Ray Whelan WEMO Photograph 20

Images, UC QuakeStudies

A photograph of the site of a demolished building on Gloucester Street, near the intersection of Colombo Street. A Southern Demolition excavator is being used to clear the rubble away. In the background are the Forsyth Barr building, the Copthorne Hotel and the PricewaterhouseCoopers building.

Ray Whelan WEMO Photograph 26

Images, UC QuakeStudies

A photograph of volunteers from the Wellington Emergency Management Office at the canteen set up as part of a temporary Civil Defence headquarters after the 4 September 2010 earthquake. The headquarters was set up the Mainland Foundation Ballpark on Pages Road.

Ray Whelan WEMO Photograph 03

Images, UC QuakeStudies

A photograph of furniture outside Asko Designs on Victoria Street being placed in a shipping container.

Ray Whelan WEMO Photograph 50

Images, UC QuakeStudies

A photograph of a temporary sign set up at the entrance to Cowles Stadium by Civil Defence. The stadium was set up as temporary accommodation for citizens displaced by the 4 September 2010 earthquake. The sign reads, "Welcome to Cowles Stadium. Earthquake affected people only - you must register with Red Cross to receive help. Other help go to Winz Office, 154 Aldwins Road, Linwood. Please, no alcohol, no drugs on site. Food and drinks only in designated areas".

Ground Motion Simulation Validation using Small-to-Moderate Magnitude Even…

Research papers, University of Canterbury Library

This poster presents work to date on ground motion simulation validation and inversion for the Canterbury, New Zealand region. Recent developments have focused on the collection of different earthquake sources and the verification of the SPECFEM3D software package in forward and inverse simulations. SPECFEM3D is an open source software package which simulates seismic wave propagation and performs adjoint tomography based upon the spectral-element method. Figure 2: Fence diagrams of shear wave velocities highlighting the salient features of the (a) 1D Canterbury velocity model, and (b) 3D Canterbury velocity model. Figure 5: Seismic sources and strong motion stations in the South Island of New Zealand, and corresponding ray paths of observed ground motions. Figure 3: Domain used for the 19th October 2010 Mw 4.8 case study event including the location of the seismic source and strong motion stations. By understanding the predictive and inversion capabilities of SPECFEM3D, the current 3D Canterbury Velocity Model can be iteratively improved to better predict the observed ground motions. This is achieved by minimizing the misfit between observed and simulated ground motions using the built-in optimization algorithm. Figure 1 shows the Canterbury Velocity Model domain considered including the locations of small-to-moderate Mw events [3-4.5], strong motion stations, and ray paths of observed ground motions. The area covered by the ray paths essentially indicates the area of the model which will be most affected by the waveform inversion. The seismic sources used in the ground motion simulations are centroid moment tensor solutions obtained from GeoNet. All earthquake ruptures are modelled as point sources with a Gaussian source time function. The minimum Mw limit is enforced to ensure good signal-to-noise ratio and well constrained source parameters. The maximum Mw limit is enforced to ensure the point source approximation is valid and to minimize off-fault nonlinear effects.