A vehicle drives onto the damaged Dallington bridge. The land has slumped relative to the bridge, leaving the approach road at a steep incline. The photographer comments, "Dallington Bridge northern approach, Gayhurst Rd".
Photograph captioned by BeckerFraserPhotos, "23 Seabreeze Close, Bexley. Look at the angles in this doorway and the pile of silt".
Photograph captioned by BeckerFraserPhotos, "23 Seabreeze Close, Bexley. The view through the window shows how much liquefaction collected in the garage".
Cars driving over the damaged Gayhurst Road Bridge. The approach to the bridge has been re-sealed, but gaps at the sides of the road show the relative movement of bridge and land.
Cars driving over the damaged Gayhurst Road Bridge. The approach to the bridge has been re-sealed, but gaps at the sides of the road show the relative movement of bridge and land.
Photograph captioned by BeckerFraserPhotos, "23 Seabreeze Close, Bexley. Through the window pane beside the door you can see silt piled about 30 cm high inside the house".
Photograph captioned by BeckerFraserPhotos, "23 Seabreeze Close, Bexley. The view through the window here shows the size of the silt piled against the front door".
Photograph captioned by BeckerFraserPhotos, "25 Seabreeze Close, Bexley. View through the window shows the crack in the floor slab, and a pile of silt in the corner of the room".
A car drives across the damaged Dallington bridge. The bridge has visibly moved relative to the road, leaving a large gap, which road cones have been placed in. The photographer comments, "Service pipes snapped as the land sank but the bridge remained".
A car drives across the damaged Dallington bridge. The bridge has visibly moved relative to the road, leaving a large gap, which road cones have been placed in. The photographer comments, "Service pipes snapped as the land sank but the bridge remained".
Photograph captioned by BeckerFraserPhotos, "16 Blue Lagoon Drive, a red zoned property in Brooklands. Many of the homeowners in this area believe that their homes should not be red zoned as the damage is much less than in other red zoned areas".
Photograph captioned by BeckerFraserPhotos, "8 Blue Lagoon Drive, a red zoned property in Brooklands. Many of the homeowners in this area believe that their homes should not be red zoned as the damage is much less than in other red zoned areas".
On 4 September 2010, a 7.1 magnitude earthquake struck near Darfield, 40 kilometres west of Christchurch, New Zealand. The quake caused significant damage to land and buildings nearby, with damage extending to Christchurch city. On 22 February 2011, a 6.3 magnitude earthquake struck Christchurch, causing extensive and significant damage across the city and with the loss of 185 lives. Years on from these events, occasional large aftershocks continue to shake the region. Two main entomological collections were situated within close proximity to the 2010/11 Canterbury earthquakes. The Lincoln University Entomology Research Collection, which is housed on the 5th floor of a 7 storey building, was 27.5 km from the 2010 Darfield earthquake epicentre. The Canterbury Museum Entomology Collection, which is housed in the basement of a multi-storeyed heritage building, was 10 km from the 2011 Christchurch earthquake epicentre. We discuss the impacts of the earthquakes on these collections, the causes of the damage to the specimens and facilities, and subsequent efforts that were made to prevent further damage in the event of future seismic events. We also discuss the wider need for preparedness against the risks posed by natural disasters and other catastrophic events.
A copy of a letter from Hugo Kristinsson which was sent to Roger Sutton on 19 September 2013. The letter was sent on behalf of Empowered Christchurch. In the letter, Kristinsson expresses his concern about changes to the Building Act which he states, 'waive liability for the Building Consent Authority when repairs are carried out on homes with land damage'. He also discusses the CERA community forums, which he feel are not fufilling their purpose of supporting and informing the Canterbury community. Lastly, Kristinsson lodges an Official Information Act request, asking for all forum notices and minutes to be released to the public and for access to land information to be provided.
Damage to River Road in Richmond. The road surface is badly cracked and slumped, and liquefaction silt covers part of the road. Two people in gumboots walk towards a barrier erected across the road using road cones and warning tape, and in the background the badly twisted Medway Street bridge can be seen. The photographer comments, "Longitudinal cracks indicate lateral movement as the land sagged towards the river. Near 373 River Rd, looking south-east towards Medway St. The Medway St bridge is visible in the background".
Background Liquefaction induced land damage has been identified in more than 13 notable New Zealand earthquakes within the past 150 years, as presented on the timeline below. Following the 2010-2011 Canterbury Earthquake Sequence (CES), the consequences of liquefaction were witnessed first-hand in the city of Christchurch and as a result the demand for understanding this phenomenon was heightened. Government, local councils, insurers and many other stakeholders are now looking to research and understand their exposure to this natural hazard.
Study region: Christchurch, New Zealand. Study focus: Low-lying coastal cities worldwide are vulnerable to shallow groundwater salinization caused by saltwater intrusion and anthropogenic activities. Shallow groundwater salinization can have cascading negative impacts on municipal assets, but this is rarely considered compared to impacts of salinization on water supply. Here, shallow groundwater salinity was sampled at high spatial resolution (1.3 piezometer/km²), then mapped and spatially interpolated. This was possible due to a uniquely extensive set of shallow piezometers installed in response to the 2010–11 Canterbury Earthquake Sequence to assess liquefaction risk. The municipal assets located within the brackish groundwater areas were highlighted. New hydrological insights for the region: Brackish groundwater areas were centred on a spit of coastal sand dunes and inside the meander of a tidal river with poorly drained soils. The municipal assets located within these areas include: (i) wastewater and stormwater pipes constructed from steel-reinforced concrete, which, if damaged, are vulnerable to premature failure when exposed to chloride underwater, and (ii) 41 parks and reserves totalling 236 ha, within which salt-intolerant groundwater-dependent species are at risk. This research highlights the importance of determining areas of saline shallow groundwater in low-lying coastal urban settings and the co-located municipal assets to allow the prioritisation of sites for future monitoring and management.