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Images, eqnz.chch.2010

Photos taken following the magnitude 6.3 earthquake in Christchurch on 22 February 2011. CCL-2011-02-22-Earthquake-P1110211 We all have earthquake stories to tell — and we’d like to hear yours. Please submit your story on our website, and let us ...

Images, eqnz.chch.2010

Photos taken following the magnitude 6.3 earthquake in Christchurch on 22 February 2011.CCL-2011-02-22-Earthquake-P1110207 We all have earthquake stories to tell — and we’d like to hear yours. Please submit your story on our website, and let us ...

Images, eqnz.chch.2010

Photos taken following the magnitude 6.3 earthquake in Christchurch on 22 February 2011. CCL-2011-02-22-Earthquake-P1110203 We all have earthquake stories to tell — and we’d like to hear yours. Please submit your story on our website, and let us ...

Images, eqnz.chch.2010

Photos taken following the magnitude 6.3 earthquake in Christchurch on 22 February 2011. We all have earthquake stories to tell — and we’d like to hear yours. CCL-2011-02-22-Earthquake-P1110208 Please submit your story on our website, and let us ...

Images, eqnz.chch.2010

Photos taken following the magnitude 6.3 earthquake in Christchurch on 22 February 2011.CCL-2011-02-22-Earthquake-P1110210 We all have earthquake stories to tell — and we’d like to hear yours. Please submit your story on our website, and let us ...

Images, eqnz.chch.2010

Photos taken following the magnitude 6.3 earthquake in Christchurch on 22 February 2011. CCL-2011-02-22-Earthquake-P1110206 We all have earthquake stories to tell — and we’d like to hear yours. Please submit your story on our website, and let us ...

Images, eqnz.chch.2010

Photos taken following the magnitude 6.3 earthquake in Christchurch on 22 February 2011. CCL-2011-02-22-Earthquake-P1110172 We all have earthquake stories to tell — and we’d like to hear yours. Please submit your story on our website, and let us ...

Images, eqnz.chch.2010

Photos taken following the magnitude 6.3 earthquake in Christchurch on 22 February 2011. CCL-2011-02-22-Earthquake-P1110178 We all have earthquake stories to tell — and we’d like to hear yours. Please submit your story on our website, and let us ...

Images, eqnz.chch.2010

Photos taken following the magnitude 6.3 earthquake in Christchurch on 22 February 2011. CCL-2011-02-22-Earthquake-P1110209 We all have earthquake stories to tell — and we’d like to hear yours. Please submit your story on our website, and let us ...

Images, eqnz.chch.2010

Photos taken following the magnitude 6.3 earthquake in Christchurch on 22 February 2011.CCL-2011-02-22-Earthquake-P1110175 We all have earthquake stories to tell — and we’d like to hear yours. Please submit your story on our website, and let us ...

Images, eqnz.chch.2010

Photos taken following the magnitude 6.3 earthquake in Christchurch on 22 February 2011. CCL-2011-02-22-Earthquake-P1110174 We all have earthquake stories to tell — and we’d like to hear yours. Please submit your story on our website, and let us ...

Images, eqnz.chch.2010

Photos taken following the magnitude 6.3 earthquake in Christchurch on 22 February 2011.CCL-2011-02-22-Earthquake-P1110180 We all have earthquake stories to tell — and we’d like to hear yours. Please submit your story on our website, and let us ...

Images, eqnz.chch.2010

Photos taken following the magnitude 6.3 earthquake in Christchurch on 22 February 2011. CCL-2011-02-22-Earthquake-P1110171 We all have earthquake stories to tell — and we’d like to hear yours. Please submit your story on our website, and let us ...

Images, eqnz.chch.2010

Photos taken following the magnitude 6.3 earthquake in Christchurch on 22 February 2011. CCL-2011-02-22-Earthquake-P1110167 We all have earthquake stories to tell — and we’d like to hear yours. Please submit your story on our website, and let us ...

Images, eqnz.chch.2010

Photos taken following the magnitude 6.3 earthquake in Christchurch on 22 February 2011. CCL-2011-02-22-Earthquake-P1110170 We all have earthquake stories to tell — and we’d like to hear yours. Please submit your story on our website, and let us ...

Images, eqnz.chch.2010

Photos taken following the magnitude 6.3 earthquake in Christchurch on 22 February 2011. CCL-2011-02-23-Earthquake-P1110212 We all have earthquake stories to tell — and we’d like to hear yours. Please submit your story on our website, and let us ...

Images, eqnz.chch.2010

Photos taken following the magnitude 6.3 earthquake in Christchurch on 22 February 2011. File ref: CCL-2011-02-22-Earthquake-P1110168 We all have earthquake stories to tell — and we’d like to hear yours. Please submit your story on our website, a...

Images, eqnz.chch.2010

Photos taken following the magnitude 6.3 earthquake in Christchurch on 22 February 2011. We all have earthquake stories to tell — and we’d like to hear yours. Please submit your story on our website, and let us know if you have any images or vi...

Images, UC QuakeStudies

Students sit outside the InTentCity 6.3 Cafe, which was set up in a tent in the Law car park while University of Canterbury buildings were closed for structural testing. The photographer comments, "The University restarts its teaching, and the techies in e-learning move out of NZi3".

Images, UC QuakeStudies

The InTentCity 6.3 Cafe, which was set up in a tent in the Law car park while University of Canterbury buildings were closed for structural testing. The photographer comments, "The University restarts its teaching, and the techies in e-learning move out of NZi3. New cafe - InTentCity. (Get it...?)".

Images, UC QuakeStudies

Students sit outside the InTentCity 6.3 Cafe, which was set up in a tent in the Law car park while University of Canterbury buildings were closed for structural testing. The photographer comments, "The University restarts its teaching, and the techies in e-learning move out of NZi3. The cafe has an outside seating area under the trees".

Research Papers, Lincoln University

On 4 September 2010, a 7.1 magnitude earthquake struck near Darfield, 40 kilometres west of Christchurch, New Zealand. The quake caused significant damage to land and buildings nearby, with damage extending to Christchurch city. On 22 February 2011, a 6.3 magnitude earthquake struck Christchurch, causing extensive and significant damage across the city and with the loss of 185 lives. Years on from these events, occasional large aftershocks continue to shake the region. Two main entomological collections were situated within close proximity to the 2010/11 Canterbury earthquakes. The Lincoln University Entomology Research Collection, which is housed on the 5th floor of a 7 storey building, was 27.5 km from the 2010 Darfield earthquake epicentre. The Canterbury Museum Entomology Collection, which is housed in the basement of a multi-storeyed heritage building, was 10 km from the 2011 Christchurch earthquake epicentre. We discuss the impacts of the earthquakes on these collections, the causes of the damage to the specimens and facilities, and subsequent efforts that were made to prevent further damage in the event of future seismic events. We also discuss the wider need for preparedness against the risks posed by natural disasters and other catastrophic events.

Research papers, The University of Auckland Library

This thesis investigates life-safety risk in earthquakes. The first component of the thesis utilises a dataset of earthquake injuries and deaths from recent earthquakes in New Zealand to identify cause, context, and risk factors of injury and death in the 2011 MW6.3 Christchurch earthquake and 2016 MW7.8 Kaikōura earthquake. Results show that nearly all deaths occurred from being hit by structural elements from buildings, while most injuries were caused by falls, strains and being hit by contents or non-structural elements. Statistical analysis of injured cases compared to an uninjured control group found that age, gender, building damage, shaking intensity, and behaviour during shaking were the most significant risk factors for injury during these earthquakes. The second part of the thesis uses the empirical findings from the first section to develop two tools for managing life-safety risk in earthquakes. The first tool is a casualty estimation model for health system and emergency response planning. An existing casualty model used in New Zealand was validated against observed data from the 2011 Christchurch earthquake and found to underestimate moderate and severe injuries by an order of magnitude. The model was then updated to include human behaviour such as protective actions, falls and strain type injuries that are dependent on shaking intensity, as well as injuries and deaths outside buildings. These improvements resulted in a closer fit to observed casualties for the 2011 Christchurch earthquake. The second tool that was developed is a framework to set seismic loading standards for design based on fatality risk targets. The proposed framework extends the risk-targeted hazard method, by moving beyond collapse risk targets, to fatality risk targets for individuals in buildings and societal risk in cities. The framework also includes treatment of epistemic uncertainty in seismic hazard to allow this uncertainty to be used in risk-based decision making. The framework is demonstrated by showing how the current New Zealand loading standards could be revised to achieve uniform life-safety risk across the country and how the introduction of a new loading factor can reduce risk aggregation in cities. Not on Alma, moved and emailed. 1/02/2023 ce

Research papers, The University of Auckland Library

The full scale, in-situ investigations of instrumented buildings present an excellent opportunity to observe their dynamic response in as-built environment, which includes all the real physical properties of a structure under study and its surroundings. The recorded responses can be used for better understanding of behavior of structures by extracting their dynamic characteristics. It is significantly valuable to examine the behavior of buildings under different excitation scenarios. The trends in dynamic characteristics, such as modal frequencies and damping ratios, thus developed can provide quantitative data for the variations in the behavior of buildings. Moreover, such studies provide invaluable information for the development and calibration of realistic models for the prediction of seismic response of structures in model updating and structural health monitoring studies. This thesis comprises two parts. The first part presents an evaluation of seismic responses of two instrumented three storey RC buildings under a selection of 50 earthquakes and behavioral changes after Ms=7.1 Darfield (2010) and Ms=6.3 Christchurch (2011) earthquakes for an instrumented eight story RC building. The dynamic characteristics of the instrumented buildings were identified using state-of-the-art N4SID system identification technique. Seismic response trends were developed for the three storey instrumented buildings in light of the identified frequencies and the peak response accelerations (PRA). Frequencies were observed to decrease with excitation level while no trends are discernible for the damping ratios. Soil-structure interaction (SSI) effects were also determined to ascertain their contribution in the seismic response. For the eight storey building, it was found through system identification that strong nonlinearities in the structural response occurred and manifested themselves in all identified natural frequencies of the building that exhibited a marked decrease during the strong motion duration compared to the pre-Darfield earthquakes. Evidence of foundation rocking was also found that led to a slight decrease in the identified modal frequencies. Permanent stiffness loss was also observed after the strong motion events. The second part constitutes developing and calibrating finite element model (FEM) of the instrumented three storey RC building with a shear core. A three dimensional FEM of the building is developed in stages to analyze the effect of structural, non-structural components (NSCs) and SSI on the building dynamics. Further to accurately replicate the response of the building following the response trends developed in the first part of the thesis, sensitivity based model updating technique was applied. The FEMs were calibrated by tuning the updating parameters which are stiffnesses of concrete, NSCs and soil. The updating parameters were found to generally follow decreasing trends with the excitation level. Finally, the updated FEM was used in time history analyses to assess the building seismic performance at the serviceability limit state shaking. Overall, this research will contribute towards better understanding and prediction of the behavior of structures subjected to ground motion.