Jim Baltaxe WEMO Photograph 040

Images, UC QuakeStudies

A photograph of the earthquake damage to a house in Christchurch. Bricks from the demolished house next door still lie on the roof and against the side wall.

WEMO ERT Set 3 - February 2011 - Photograph 171

Images, UC QuakeStudies

A photograph of the earthquake damage to a building on Armagh Street. The outer walls of the building have collapsed, the bricks spilling onto the footpath in front.

WEMO ERT Set 3 - February 2011 - Photograph 262

Images, UC QuakeStudies

A photograph of the earthquake damage to the Caffe Roma restaurant on Oxford Terrace. The top of the facade has collapsed, the bricks spilling onto the footpath below.

WEMO ERT Set 3 - February 2011 - Photograph 255

Images, UC QuakeStudies

A photograph of the earthquake damage to the Canterbury Television Building on Gloucester Street. Some of the concrete on the columns has crumbled, revealing the steel reinforcement underneath.

WEMO ERT Set 3 - February 2011 - Photograph 261

Images, UC QuakeStudies

A photograph of the earthquake damage to the Canterbury Television Building on Gloucester Street. Some of the concrete on the columns has crumbled, revealing the steel reinforcement underneath.

Ray Whelan WEMO Photograph 10

Images, UC QuakeStudies

A photograph of the earthquake damage to a building in the Christchurch central city. Some of the windows have been broken, and blinds are hanging out of them.

WEMO ERT Set 1 - March 2011 - Photograph 11

Images, UC QuakeStudies

A photograph of the earthquake damage to a house in Christchurch. The roof of the house has collapsed, bringing the top of the front wall down with it.

WEMO ERT Set 3 - February 2011 - Photograph 256

Images, UC QuakeStudies

A photograph of the earthquake damage to the Canterbury Television Building on Gloucester Street. Some of the concrete on the columns has crumbled, revealing the steel reinforcement underneath.

Julia Holden's 2013 Photographs 245

Images, UC QuakeStudies

A photograph of the back of badly-damaged buildings on High Street, taken from St Asaph Street. The old Post Office building can be seen in the distance.

Wish You Were Here 2013: Painting 18

Images, UC QuakeStudies

A digital copy of a painting by Julia Holden. The painting is of road cones on Colombo Street. In the background is the badly-damaged ChristChurch Cathedral.

Natalie Kerschner WEMO Photograph 138

Images, UC QuakeStudies

A photograph of the earthquake damage to a store on Colombo Street. The front wall of the top two storeys has collapsed into the street, exposing the inside.

Residual Capacity and Repairability of Reinforced Concrete Frame Buildings

Research papers, The University of Auckland Library

Reinforced concrete (RC) frame buildings designed according to modern design standards achieved life-safety objectives during the Canterbury earthquakes in 2010-11 and the Kaikōura earthquake in 2016. These buildings formed ductile plastic hinges as intended and partial or total building collapse was prevented. However, despite the fact that the damage level of these buildings was relatively low to moderate, over 60% of multi-storey RC buildings in the Christchurch central business district were demolished due to insufficient insurance coverage and significant uncertainty in the residual capacity and repairability of those buildings. This observation emphasized an imperative need to improve understanding in evaluating the post-earthquake performance of earthquake-damaged buildings and to develop relevant post-earthquake assessment guidelines. This thesis focuses on improving the understanding of the residual capacity and repairability of RC frame buildings. A large-scale five-storey RC moment-resisting frame building was tested to investigate the behaviour of earthquake-damaged and repaired buildings. The original test building was tested with four ground motions, including two repeated design-level ground motions. Subsequently, the test building was repaired using epoxy injection and mortar patching and re-tested with three ground motions. The test building was assessed using key concepts of the ATC-145 post-earthquake assessment guideline to validate its assessment procedures and highlight potential limitations. Numerical models were developed to simulate the peak storey drift demand and identify damage locations. Additionally, fatigue assessment of steel reinforcement was conducted using methodologies as per ATC-145. The residual capacity of earthquake-strained steel reinforcement was experimentally investigated in terms of the residual fatigue capacity and the residual ultimate strain capacity. In addition to studying the fatigue capacity of steel reinforcement, the fatigue damage demand was estimated using 972 ground motion records. The deformation limit of RC beams and columns for damage control was explored to achieve a low likelihood of requiring performance-critical repair. A frame component test database was developed, and the deformation capacity at the initiation of lateral strength loss was examined in terms of the chord rotation, plastic rotation and curvature ductility capacity. Furthermore, the proposed curvature ductility capacity was discussed with the current design curvature ductility limits as per NZS 3101:2006.

BeckerFraserPhotos April 2012 photograph 118

Images, UC QuakeStudies

The relocated Westende Jewellers on Colombo Street. After the 4 September 2010 earthquake, the damaged Westende Jewellers store on Manchester Street became the backdrop to days of television coverage.

UC Civil and Natural Resources Engineering Photograph 047

Images, UC QuakeStudies

A photograph of the earthquake damage to 90 Riccarton Road, next to the One Stop Asian Supermarket. The brick wall of the building has crumbled, exposing the inside rooms.

Umut Akguzel Photograph 442

Images, UC QuakeStudies

A photograph of damaged buildings on Tuam Street. USAR codes can be seen spray-painted on the glass and a ground-level window has been boarded up with plywood.

Umut Akguzel Photograph 001

Images, UC QuakeStudies

A photograph of a block of earthquake-damaged buildings on Manchester Street. The walls of the Westende Jewellers Building on the right have crumbled, exposing the second storey rooms.

BeckerFraserPhotos March 2011 photograph 022

Images, UC QuakeStudies

Two phone booths on Norwich Quay in Lyttelton which have been wrapped in tape that reads, 'Danger keep out' due to their proximity to the damaged building behind them.

BeckerFraserPhotos September 2010 photograph 042

Images, UC QuakeStudies

People preparing to load salvaged stock from a damaged store into a shipping container on Manchester Street. A truck with mechanical arms will be used to lift the container.

Photograph by Neil Macbeth 446

Images, UC QuakeStudies

A Civil Defence staff member completing a Level 1 Rapid Assessment inspection on a damaged house. The brickwork and window have collapsed from the outer wall of the property.

US Embassy Photograph 54

Images, UC QuakeStudies

Members of the USAID Disaster Assistance Response Team (DART) standing on the edge of the Smiths City car park, which was severely damaged during the 22 February 2011 earthquake.

Photograph by Neil Macbeth 472

Images, UC QuakeStudies

Damage to Knox Church on the corner of Bealey Avenue and Victoria Street. Bricks and stonework have fallen from the gables of the church, exposing the wooden framework beneath.

BeckerFraserPhotos September 2010 photograph 104

Images, UC QuakeStudies

Damaged pavement on the Williams Street bridge in Kaiapoi. The concrete abutment has risen during the earthquake, forcing its way through the pavement of the footpath into the open.

BeckerFraserPhotos September 2010 photograph 102

Images, UC QuakeStudies

Damaged pavement on the Williams Street bridge in Kaiapoi. The concrete abutment has risen during the earthquake, forcing its way through the pavement of the footpath into the open.

BeckerFraserPhotos February 2011 photograph 290

Images, UC QuakeStudies

Damage to the brickwork of a house on Avonside Drive. Cracks can be seen around the edge of the doorframe, and mortar has come away leaving several bricks loose.

BeckerFraserPhotos December 2011 photograph 2254

Images, UC QuakeStudies

A photograph of the damaged Englefield Lodge. The garden is overgrown with weeds. A pile of bricks and a road cone are placed against the wall of the house.

BeckerFraserPhotos February 2011 photograph 360

Images, UC QuakeStudies

A footpath on Robson Avenue in Avonside showing cracks as a result of the 4 September 2010 earthquake. The road beside it has also been damaged by the earthquake.

BeckerFraserPhotos April 2011 photograph 812

Images, UC QuakeStudies

Photograph captioned by BeckerFraserPhotos, "Inside the Sumner electrical sub-station which was severely damaged by rock fall from the cliffs above during the 22 February 2011 earthquake.

BeckerFraserPhotos April 2011 photograph 811

Images, UC QuakeStudies

Photograph captioned by BeckerFraserPhotos, "Inside the Sumner electrical sub-station which was severely damaged by rock fall from the cliffs above during the 22 February 2011 earthquake.

BeckerFraserPhotos June 2011 photograph 292

Images, UC QuakeStudies

Detail of damage to a building on Ferry Road. The side walls have partially collapsed, and part of the brick wall is bowing outwards in danger of further collapse.

BeckerFraserPhotos June 2011 photograph 287

Images, UC QuakeStudies

Damage to a building on Ferry Road. The side walls have partially collapsed, and bricks are scattered on the ground below. The building is cordoned off with security fencing.