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Research papers, University of Canterbury Library

Recent major earthquakes such as Northridge 1994 and Izmit Kocaeli 1999 highlighted the poor performance of existing buildings constructed prior to the early 1970’s. Low lateral seismic design coefficients and the adopted “working stress design” methodology (essentially an elastic design) lacked any inelastic design considerations, thus leading to inadequate detailing. Insufficient development lengths, lapping within potential plastic hinge regions, lack, or total absence of joint transverse reinforcement, and the use of plain round reinforcement and hooked end anchorages were common throughout the structure. The behaviour is generally dominated by brittle local failure mechanisms (e.g. joint or element shear failures) as well as possible soft-storey mechanisms at a global level. Amongst several possible retrofit interventions, a typical solution is to provide the structure with additional structural walls i.e. external buttressing or column in-fills. Extensive developments on precast, post-tensioned, dissipative systems have shown promise for the use of rocking wall systems to retrofit existing poorly detailed frame structures. In this contribution, the feasibility of such a retrofit intervention is investigated. A displacement-based retrofit procedure is developed and proposed, based on targeting pre-defined performance criteria, such as joint shear and/or column curvature deformation limits. A design example, using the proposed retrofit strategy on a prototype frame is presented. A brief overview on experimental work ongoing at the University of Canterbury investigating the dynamic response of advanced rocking walls for retrofit purposes will be provided.

Images, UC QuakeStudies

A digitally manipulated image of the word 'Lyttelton' made out of damaged bricks. The photographer comments, "This shows the courage and humour of the earthquake wrecked port of Lyttelton. There is lots of little things that make you smile that the locals and volunteers from around the area have created".

Images, eqnz.chch.2010

Another hole has appeared in the street where a building has been demolished. Selwyn Dealers next door sensibly moved all their stock away from the adjoining wall just in case.

Images, UC QuakeStudies

A photograph of earthquake damage to the Crown Masonic Lodge on Wordsworth Street, also known as the Freemasons Centre. Sections of the brick wall at the front of the building have collapsed. The entranceway is supported with wooden bracing.

Images, UC QuakeStudies

A photograph of earthquake damage to the Crown Masonic Lodge on Wordsworth Street, also known as the Freemasons Centre. Sections of the brick wall at the front of the building have collapsed. The entranceway is supported with wooden bracing.

Images, UC QuakeStudies

Part of a stone wall left sticking out over the edge after the cliff below it collapsed. The photographer comments, "A viewing platform in Clifton has its foundations exposed after the cliff face collapsed".

Images, UC QuakeStudies

Rubble in front of a two-storey house on Peterborough Street, the brick side wall of which has fallen away, exposing the rooms inside. Further rubble from a neighbouring house lies in the foreground.

Images, UC QuakeStudies

A photograph of a room in the Diabetes Centre which has been used to store office material while the building is being prepared. Boxes of files and other material have been stacked against the far wall.

Images, UC QuakeStudies

The front of Christ Church Cathedral showing its broken tower. Bracing has been placed on the front wall to limit further damage. Security fences have been placed around the cathedral to restrict access. The Wizard of Christchurch stands to the right.

Images, UC QuakeStudies

Looking from the intersection of Worcester Boulevard and Montreal Street. The damaged Arts Centre is in the background with some of its wall boarded up. Going past it is a red Christchurch Sightseeing Tour bus which offers tours of central Christchurch.