The fence of this house in Kaiapoi has sunk into the liquefaction silt.
Liquefaction and flooding on Gayhurst Road. The road is lined with road cones.
A photograph of liquefaction in Jean Batten Place in the Horseshoe Lake district.
Liquefaction and a warped footpath at the Cancer Society Centre on Manchester Street.
The fence of this house in Kaiapoi has sunk into the liquefaction silt.
The fence of this house in Kaiapoi has sunk into the liquefaction silt.
Fire service staff dig liquefaction from Hilton Street near the Kaiapoi Fire Station.
A photograph of volunteers from the Wellington Emergency Management Office standing outside St Paul's School on Gayhurst Road. There are cracks in the asphalt in front, and liquefaction on the ground.
A photograph of large cracks in the pavement in front of St Paul's School in Dallington. Liquefaction silt can also be seen. Police tape has been draped across the entrance of the building to the left.
A photograph of members of the Wellington Emergency Management Office Emergency Response Team examining the Southern Finance Ltd building. Silt from liquefaction covers part of the footpath and road.
The sewage treatment ponds in Bromley. In the distance trucks and diggers can be seen piling up liquefaction silt. The photographer comments, "Looking NW from the causeway through the sewage wetlands. Mountains of liquefaction silt are being piled up near the corner of Breezes Rd and SH74-Anzac Drive".
Trucks and diggers build large piles of liquefaction silt. In the foreground can be seen the Bromley sewage treatment ponds. The photographer comments, "Looking NW from the causeway through the sewage wetlands. Mountains of liquefaction silt are being piled up near the corner of Breezes Rd and SH74-Anzac Drive".
Photograph captioned by BeckerFraserPhotos, "Liquefaction in front of the old Children's Library".
Photograph captioned by BeckerFraserPhotos, "Charles Street, Kaiapoi. The effect of extreme liquefaction".
Cracks and liquefaction in the playing fields and car park of Murphy Park, Kaiapoi.
A footpath in Halswell where the pavement has cracked and uplifted due to liquefaction.
Photograph captioned by BeckerFraserPhotos, "Blue Lagoon Drive in Brooklands. The whole of this street is red zoned land. Some of the homeowners are unhappy with the land zoning as they believe that their area has much less impact from liquefaction than other red zoned areas. Some of the street lights are leaning, but the road seems in very good condition for a red zoned street and there is little evidence of liquefaction. Most red zoned streets have none of their original surface left, and the liquefaction is evident on all the verges and gardens".
Earthquake-triggered soil liquefaction caused extensive damage and heavy economic losses in Christchurch during the 2010-2011 Canterbury earthquakes. The most severe manifestations of liquefaction were associated with the presence of natural deposits of clean sands and silty sands of fluvial origin. However, liquefaction resistance of fines-containing sands is commonly inferred from empirical relationships based on clean sands (i.e. sands with less than 5% fines). Hence, existing evaluation methods have poor accuracy when applied to silty sands. The liquefaction behaviour of Christchurch fines-containing (silty) sands is investigated through a series of Direct Simple Shear (DSS) tests. This type of test better resembles earthquake loading conditions in soil deposits compared to cyclic triaxial tests. Soil specimens are reconstituted in the laboratory with the water sedimentation technique. This preparation method yields soil fabrics similar to those encountered in fluvial soil deposits, which are common in the Christchurch area. Test results provide preliminary indications on how void ratio, relative density, preparation method and fines content influence the cyclic liquefaction behaviour of sand-silt mixtures depending on the properties of host sand and silt.
Flooding and liquefaction on the corner of Edward Avenue and Geraldine Street in St Albans.
A motorcycle embedded in liquefaction and floods that cover the road in a residential area.
A photograph of piles of liquefaction on the side of a residential street in Christchurch.
A motorcycle embedded in liquefaction and floods that cover the road in a residential area.
Residents shoveling silt in back yard that has been entirely covered in silt from liquefaction.
Residents shoveling silt in back yard that has been entirely covered in silt from liquefaction.
Liquefaction in a horse paddock. In the foreground cracks are visible in the road surface.
A photograph of a large hole on Woodham Road near the intersection with Ngarimu Street. Road cones have been placed around the hole to warn road users. In the distance, a pile of liquefaction has been placed on the left side of the road.
An aerial photograph of St Paul's School in Dallington. The photograph has been captioned by BeckerFraserPhotos, "St Pauls School, 17 Gayhurst Road, suffered badly from liquefaction in the September earthquake. This area is all red zoned".
A photograph of detail of a damaged house. The photograph is captioned by BeckerFraserPhotos, "Seabreeze Close, Bexley".
A large crack in the ground at Sullivan Park in Avonside.
A large crack in the ground at Sullivan Park in Avonside.