A photograph of an electricity substation. The photograph is captioned by Paul Corliss, "The block of Bexley and Pages Roads".
A photograph of an overgrown residential property. The photograph is captioned by Paul Corliss, "The block of Bexley and Pages Roads".
A photograph of an overgrown residential property. The photograph is captioned by Paul Corliss, "The block of Bexley and Pages Roads".
A photograph of a damaged house. The photograph is captioned by Paul Corliss, "The block of Bexley and Pages Roads".
A photograph of flooded residential properties. The photograph is captioned by Paul Corliss, "The block of Bexley and Pages Roads".
A photograph captioned by BeckerFraserPhotos, "City Care working on drains in Kirsten Place, New Brighton".
A photograph of workers clearing drains along Kirsten Place in New Brighton".
A photograph captioned by BeckerFraserPhotos, "Bower Avenue in New Brighton (near the intersection with Beach Road)".
An aerial photograph of the AMI Stadium with liquefaction covering the field.
A photograph captioned by BeckerFraserPhotos, "Liquefaction in New Brighton Road".
Flooding and liquefaction outside a house on Edward Avenue in St Albans.
Liquefaction silt being cleared from Hilton Street, near the Kaiapoi Fire Station.
A large crack in the road surface in Kaiapoi, surrounded by liquefaction.
A photograph of members of the Wellington Emergency Management Office Emergency Response Team inside a building in the Christchurch central city. Silt and water from liquefaction has covered large sections of the concrete floor.
A photograph captioned by BeckerFraserPhotos, "Another way of demonstrating how high the liquefaction is piled up in the garden of this house is how little room there is under the eaves of this house at 22 Seabreeze Close, Bexley".
A photograph of the earthquake damage the brick fence of a house in Christchurch. Bricks from the broken fence have been stacked on the footpath in front. Liquefaction has been piled on the footpath and road cones placed in front.
A photograph of the earthquake damage the brick fence of a house in Christchurch. Bricks from the broken fence have been stacked on the footpath in front. Liquefaction has been piled on the footpath and road cones placed in front.
A photograph of members of the Wellington Emergency Management Office Emergency Response Team examining the Southern Finance House on Montreal Street. Silt from liquefaction covers the footpath in front.
Members of the Avonside Community walk down a road in Avonside. Silt from liquefaction has been cleared from people's properties and placed on the street in piles. Workers in the distance are collecting the silt to take to Bottle Lake.
Background Liquefaction induced land damage has been identified in more than 13 notable New Zealand earthquakes within the past 150 years, as presented on the timeline below. Following the 2010-2011 Canterbury Earthquake Sequence (CES), the consequences of liquefaction were witnessed first-hand in the city of Christchurch and as a result the demand for understanding this phenomenon was heightened. Government, local councils, insurers and many other stakeholders are now looking to research and understand their exposure to this natural hazard.
Earthquake-triggered soil liquefaction caused extensive damage and heavy economic losses in Christchurch during the 2010-2011 Canterbury earthquakes. The most severe manifestations of liquefaction were associated with the presence of natural deposits of clean sands and silty sands of fluvial origin. However, liquefaction resistance of fines-containing sands is commonly inferred from empirical relationships based on clean sands (i.e. sands with less than 5% fines). Hence, existing evaluation methods have poor accuracy when applied to silty sands. Also, existing methods do not quantify appropriately the influence on liquefaction resistance of soil fabric and structure, which are unique to a specific depositional environment. This study looks at the influence of fines content, soil fabric (i.e. arrangement of soil particles) and structure (e.g. layering, segregation) on the undrained cyclic behaviour and liquefaction resistance of fines-containing sandy soils from Christchurch using Direct Simple Shear (DSS) tests on soil specimens reconstituted in the laboratory with the water sedimentation technique. The poster describes experimental procedures and presents early test results on two sands retrieved at two different sites in Christchurch.
Liquefaction and building rubble on the damaged footpath outside the former Public Library.
Liquefaction and building rubble on the damaged footpath outside the former Public Library.
Bricks made from liquefaction silt, for sale at the Canterbury A&P Show.
A photograph of liquefaction in a residential area on Courtenay Drive in Kaiapoi.
Silt from liquefaction and road damage around businesses on Ferry Road in Woolston.
Silt from liquefaction and road damage around businesses on Ferry Road in Woolston.
Liquefaction and flooding on Gayhurst Road. The road is lined with road cones.
Liquefaction and flooding on Gayhurst Road. The road is lined with road cones.
Liquefaction and building rubble on the damaged footpath outside the former Public Library.